The question asks to identify the century in which the Mongol empire disintegrated, leading to Timur's unification of Iran and Turan. This requires knowledge of the historical timeline of the Mongol Empire's decline and Timur's rise to power.
B) 14
The Mongol Empire's effective disintegration into independent khanates occurred throughout the 14th century, and Timur rose to power and unified Iran and Turan during this same century, specifically from the mid-1300s onwards.
The question asks to identify the Bhakti saints who were preaching during the period when the Lodi dynasty fell and Babur established the Mughal Empire. This requires knowledge of the time periods associated with the Lodi dynasty's end, Babur's takeover, and the lifespan/preaching periods of the given Bhakti saints.
B) 2 only. Guru Nanak (1469–1539) was actively preaching during the period when the Lodi dynasty fell and Babur established the Mughal Empire in 1526.
The question asks about the geographical extent of Timur's empire. To answer this, one needs knowledge of historical geography, specifically the reach of the Timurid Empire.
A) Indus — Timur's empire, at its greatest extent, reached the Indus River in the east, following his invasion of India.
The question asks to identify the grandson of Timur from the given options. This requires knowledge of the genealogy of Timur and his descendants, particularly those who were prominent figures.
Correct Option: C) Shahrukh Mirza was indeed a grandson of Timur. He was the son of Miran Shah, who was one of Timur's sons. Shahrukh Mirza was a notable figure in the Timurid dynasty.
The question asks to identify the cultural centres of West Asia during the reign of Shahrukh Mirza. This requires historical knowledge about the Timurid Empire and its cultural flourishing under Shahrukh.
Correct Option: C) Both a and b. During Shahrukh Mirza's reign, both Samarqand and Herat became flourishing cultural and intellectual centres. Shahrukh moved his capital to Herat, which became a major hub for art, architecture, and literature. Samarqand, though no longer the primary capital, remained significant, especially under his son Ulugh Beg, who established a famous observatory there.
The question asks us to identify the correct statements regarding the impact of Babur's arrival in India. We need to evaluate each statement based on historical facts about the early Mughal period and pre-Mughal India.
Based on this analysis, statements 1 and 3 are correct, while statement 2 is incorrect.
Correct Option: C) 1 and 3 only