First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics NEET Questions

Physics - Thermodynamics

First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics MCQ Questions


1.
The internal energy of a system is defined as:
A.
Only the translational kinetic energy of molecules
B.
The kinetic energy of the centre of mass of the system
C.
The work done by the system on surroundings
D.
The sum of kinetic and potential energies of all molecular constituents in the frame where the centre of mass is at rest
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ANSWER :
D. The sum of kinetic and potential energies of all molecular constituents in the frame where the centre of mass is at rest
2.
A bullet fired at high speed is NOT said to be at a higher temperature because:
A.
Temperature depends on pressure, not speed
B.
Kinetic energy always converts to pressure
C.
Temperature is related to internal (disordered) molecular motion, not to the ordered bulk kinetic energy of the bullet as a whole
D.
Bullets are too small to have temperature
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ANSWER :
C. Temperature is related to internal (disordered) molecular motion, not to the ordered bulk kinetic energy of the bullet as a whole
3.
Internal energy U of a gas is an example of a thermodynamic state variable. This means:
A.
U is the same for all gases at the same temperature
B.
U depends only on the current state (P, V, T) of the system — not on the history or path
C.
U depends on the path taken to reach the current state
D.
U changes only when work is done, not when heat is added
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ANSWER :
B. U depends only on the current state (P, V, T) of the system — not on the history or path
4.
For an ideal gas, the internal energy U depends on:
A.
Pressure, volume, and temperature equally
B.
Pressure and volume only
C.
Volume and density only
D.
Temperature only — for an ideal gas, intermolecular forces are neglected
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ANSWER :
D. Temperature only — for an ideal gas, intermolecular forces are neglected
5.
Internal energy U includes which types of molecular motion? (NCERT Fig 11.3)
A.
Only rotational motion
B.
Only electronic energy of atoms
C.
Translational, rotational, and vibrational kinetic energy — all forms of random molecular motion
D.
Only translational motion
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ANSWER :
C. Translational, rotational, and vibrational kinetic energy — all forms of random molecular motion
6.
Heat and work are described in NCERT as:
A.
Only applicable to gases, not liquids or solids
B.
Modes of energy transfer to a system that change its internal energy — NOT state variables
C.
State variables — they describe the current state of a system
D.
The same thing — both are forms of stored energy
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ANSWER :
B. Modes of energy transfer to a system that change its internal energy — NOT state variables