Isothermal & Adiabatic Processes NEET Questions

Physics - Thermodynamics

Isothermal & Adiabatic Processes MCQ Questions


1.
An isothermal process is one in which:
A.
Volume remains constant throughout
B.
No heat is exchanged with surroundings
C.
Pressure remains constant throughout
D.
Temperature remains constant throughout the process
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ANSWER :
D. Temperature remains constant throughout the process
2.
A standard example of an isothermal process given in NCERT is:
A.
Heating gas at constant volume
B.
Compression of gas in an insulated cylinder
C.
Expansion of gas in a metallic cylinder placed in a large reservoir of fixed temperature
D.
Rapid expansion of gas into vacuum
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ANSWER :
C. Expansion of gas in a metallic cylinder placed in a large reservoir of fixed temperature
3.
Why does the temperature of the reservoir remain constant during the isothermal process despite heat exchange?
A.
The reservoir generates its own heat
B.
The heat exchanged is zero in isothermal process
C.
The reservoir is made of a special material
D.
The reservoir has a very large heat capacity — small heat transfer to/from system causes negligible temperature change
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ANSWER :
D. The reservoir has a very large heat capacity — small heat transfer to/from system causes negligible temperature change
4.
For an isothermal process of an ideal gas at temperature T, the relation between pressure P and volume V is:
A.
PV = constant (Boyle's Law)
B.
P = constant
C.
P/V = constant
D.
PV^γ = constant
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ANSWER :
A. PV = constant (Boyle's Law)
5.
On a P-V diagram, the curve representing an isothermal process is called an isotherm. Its shape is:
A.
A straight vertical line (constant V)
B.
A straight horizontal line (constant P)
C.
A rectangular hyperbola — P = nRT/V, so P ∝ 1/V at constant T
D.
A straight line with positive slope
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ANSWER :
C. A rectangular hyperbola — P = nRT/V, so P ∝ 1/V at constant T
6.
For an ideal gas, the change in internal energy ΔU during an isothermal process is:
A.
Equal to the work done ΔW
B.
Equal to nRT
C.
Zero — for ideal gas, U depends only on T; constant T means ΔU = 0
D.
Equal to the heat supplied ΔQ
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ANSWER :
C. Zero — for ideal gas, U depends only on T; constant T means ΔU = 0