The question asks to identify the 'Father of Genetics'. This requires knowledge of key historical figures in the field of biology, specifically genetics, and their primary contributions.
Correct Option: B) Gregor Johann Mendel is widely recognized as the 'Father of Genetics' for his groundbreaking work on pea plants, which established the basic principles of heredity.
The question asks to identify the plant on which Gregor Mendel conducted his foundational genetics experiments. This is a direct recall question from the history of biology and genetics.
C) Pisum sativum (Garden Pea). Gregor Mendel conducted his groundbreaking experiments on the garden pea plant, Pisum sativum, which led to the formulation of the laws of inheritance.
The question asks about the number of contrasting characters Mendel studied in the garden pea plant. This is a direct recall question from the topic of Mendelian genetics.
Correct Option: C) Seven
The question asks to identify the scientist who was NOT among the three who independently rediscovered Mendel's laws of inheritance in 1900. This requires knowledge of the history of genetics and the key figures involved in the rediscovery of Mendel's work.
Correct Option: D) Thomas Hunt Morgan
Thomas Hunt Morgan was a prominent American evolutionary biologist, geneticist, and embryologist who conducted groundbreaking research on the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. His work in the early 20th century (starting around 1910) provided experimental proof for the chromosomal theory of inheritance, demonstrating that genes are located on chromosomes. While his contributions to genetics were immense and built upon Mendel's work, he was not one of the three scientists who rediscovered Mendel's laws in 1900.
The question asks for the phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation of a typical Mendelian monohybrid cross. This involves understanding Mendel's laws of inheritance, specifically the Law of Segregation and the concept of dominance and recessiveness.
| T | t | |
|---|---|---|
| T | TT | Tt |
| t | Tt | tt |
C) 3 : 1 is the phenotypic ratio obtained in the F2 generation of a typical Mendelian monohybrid cross.
The question asks for the genotypic ratio in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals (Tt x Tt). This can be determined by using a Punnett square to visualize all possible genetic combinations.
| T (from parent 1) | t (from parent 1) | |
|---|---|---|
| T (from parent 2) | TT | Tt |
| t (from parent 2) | Tt | tt |
D) The genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross (Tt x Tt) in the F2 generation is \(1 : 2 : 1\). This represents one homozygous dominant (TT), two heterozygous (Tt), and one homozygous recessive (tt) individual.