The shape of ethene (C2H4) molecule is:
To determine the shape of the ethene (\(\text{C}_2\text{H}_4\)) molecule, we need to understand its hybridization and the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory. Ethene contains a carbon-carbon double bond, which significantly influences its geometry.
C) Planar. The ethene molecule is planar because each carbon atom is \(sp^2\) hybridized, resulting in a trigonal planar geometry around each carbon. The double bond prevents rotation, making the entire molecule flat.
Which of the following is the simplest alkene?
Propene (C3H6)
Butene (C4H8)
Methene (CH2)
Ethene (C2H4)
The question asks for the simplest alkene. An alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond. The simplest alkene will be the one with the fewest carbon atoms possible while still satisfying the definition of an alkene.
Correct Option: D) Ethene (\(C_2 H_4\)) is the simplest alkene because it contains the minimum number of carbon atoms (two) required to form a carbon-carbon double bond, which is characteristic of alkenes. Its structure is \(CH_2=CH_2\).
The question asks about the type of overlap between p-orbitals that forms a pi (\(\pi\)) bond. Understanding the geometry of atomic orbitals and how they interact to form molecular bonds is crucial here.
Correct Option: A) Sideways/Lateral. This describes the characteristic overlap of parallel p-orbitals to form a pi (\(\pi\)) bond. The electron density is concentrated above and below the internuclear axis.
The question asks why rotation is restricted around a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). To answer this, we need to understand the nature of the bonds forming a double bond and how rotation affects them.
Correct Option: B) Because rotation breaks the pi-bond overlap
The IUPAC name of CH2=CHCH2CH3 is:
To determine the IUPAC name of an alkene, we need to follow a set of rules. These include identifying the longest carbon chain containing the double bond, numbering the chain to give the double bond the lowest possible number, and then naming the compound based on the number of carbons and the position of the double bond.
Correct Option: D) But-1-ene is the correct IUPAC name for \(\text{CH}_2=\text{CHCH}_2\text{CH}_3\) because the longest carbon chain containing the double bond has four carbons (but-), and the double bond starts at the first carbon when numbered to give it the lowest possible position (-1-ene).
To determine which class of hydrocarbons exhibits geometrical isomerism, we need to understand the conditions required for this type of isomerism. Geometrical isomerism (also known as cis-trans isomerism) arises due to restricted rotation around a bond and the presence of different groups attached to the atoms involved in that restricted bond.
C) Alkenes exhibit geometrical isomerism because of the restricted rotation around the carbon-carbon double bond and the possibility of having different groups attached to each carbon of the double bond, leading to cis and trans isomers.