The question asks to identify the supercontinent from which the Indian subcontinent separated. This requires knowledge of plate tectonics and the historical configuration of Earth's landmasses.
Correct Option: C) Gondwana was the southern supercontinent that included India, Africa, South America, Australia, and Antarctica. India broke away from Gondwana and drifted northwards.
The question asks why the Himalayas are called the 'Water Tower of Asia'. This title refers to their crucial role in providing freshwater to a vast region. We need to identify the option that best describes this primary function.
Correct Option: A) The Himalayas are called the 'Water Tower of Asia' because they are the source of numerous major rivers, including the Ganga, Indus, and Brahmaputra. These rivers are fed by the vast snow and ice reserves (glaciers) in the mountains, along with monsoon rainfall, providing freshwater to billions of people across South and Southeast Asia.
The question asks for the collective term used to refer to the Himalayan peaks that exceed 8,000 meters in height. This is a specific geographical and mountaineering term.
Correct Option: B) The Eight Thousanders is the correct term for peaks exceeding 8,000 meters in height.
The question asks for another name for the Greater Himalayas. This requires knowledge of the different ranges of the Himalayan mountain system and their alternative names.
Correct Option: C) Himadri is the correct alternative name for the Greater Himalayas. It is the northernmost and highest range of the Himalayas, featuring prominent peaks like Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga.
The question asks for another name for the Lesser Himalayas. This requires knowledge of the different ranges of the Himalayan mountain system and their alternative names.
Correct Option: B) Himachal is the correct answer because the Lesser Himalayas are also commonly referred to as the Himachal range.
The question asks to identify the outermost (lowest) range of the Himalayas. This requires knowledge of the major longitudinal divisions of the Himalayan ranges.
C) Shivalik — The Shivalik range is the southernmost and lowest range of the Himalayas, making it the outermost range from the perspective of the Indian subcontinent.