The question asks to identify the class of hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. This requires knowledge of the basic classification of hydrocarbons based on the types of bonds present between carbon atoms.
Correct Option: C) Alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Their general formula for acyclic alkynes is \(C_nH_{2n-2}\).
The question asks to identify the general term for hydrocarbons like alkenes and alkynes, which have multiple bonds and undergo addition reactions. This requires understanding the basic classification of hydrocarbons based on their bonding.
D) Unsaturated hydrocarbons — Alkenes and alkynes are characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon multiple bonds (double and triple bonds, respectively). These multiple bonds make them reactive and allow them to undergo addition reactions, where atoms are added across the double or triple bond, breaking the pi bond(s) and forming new sigma bonds. This is the defining characteristic of unsaturated hydrocarbons.
A series of carbon compounds having the same functional group, similar chemical properties, and differing successively by a –CH2– unit is known as a:
Polymer series
Homologous series
Isomeric series
Allotropic series
The question asks to identify the term for a series of carbon compounds characterized by having the same functional group, similar chemical properties, and a successive difference of a \( \text{-CH}_2 \text{-} \) unit. We need to evaluate each option based on the definitions of these chemical terms.
B) Homologous series is the correct term. It accurately describes a series of organic compounds that share the same functional group, exhibit similar chemical properties, and whose consecutive members differ by a \( \text{-CH}_2 \text{-} \) unit.
The question asks to identify the term for compounds that share the same molecular formula but differ in the structural arrangement of their atoms. We need to recall the definitions of the given options to find the correct one.
C) Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms. This difference in arrangement leads to distinct chemical and physical properties.
The question asks for the simplest member of the alkane homologous series. To answer this, we need to understand what an alkane is and what a homologous series implies, specifically regarding the number of carbon atoms.
Therefore, Methane is the simplest member of the alkane homologous series.
D) Methane — Methane (\(CH_4\)) is the alkane with one carbon atom, making it the simplest and first member of the alkane homologous series.
Methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6), both belonging to the alkane homologous series, differ from each other by:
No structural difference
One CH2 unit
Three CH2 units
Two CH2 units
The question asks about the difference between two consecutive members of the alkane homologous series: methane and ethane. A homologous series is a series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by a \(\text{CH}_2\) group.
B) One \(\text{CH}_2\) unit. As calculated, the difference between \(\text{C}_2\text{H}_6\) (ethane) and \(\text{CH}_4\) (methane) is \(\text{CH}_2\).