The question asks to identify the type of mountains formed by the accumulation of erupted volcanic material. We need to understand the formation mechanisms of different mountain types to answer this.
Correct Option: C) Volcanic mountains are formed by the accumulation of erupted volcanic material such as lava, ash, and volcanic bombs, which build up around a vent over successive eruptions.
The question asks to identify the type of mountain represented by the Aravalli Range in India. We need to understand the characteristics of different mountain types and then match them with the Aravalli Range's geological history.
Correct Option: C) Residual (relict) mountains. The Aravalli Range is one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world. It has been subjected to extensive erosion over millions of years, leaving behind only the hard, resistant remnants of what was once a much higher and more extensive mountain system. This makes it a classic example of residual or relict mountains.
The question asks for the geographical term used to describe a long and narrow chain of mountains. We need to evaluate each option based on its standard geographical definition.
A) Mountain range — A mountain range is precisely defined as a long and narrow chain of mountains, often formed by similar geological processes and extending over a significant distance. Examples include the Himalayas, the Andes, and the Rockies.
The question asks to identify the longest continental mountain range in the world. This requires knowledge of the major mountain ranges and their approximate lengths.
The Andes mountain range, located along the western coast of South America, is known for its immense length, stretching over 7,000 kilometers (approximately 4,300 miles). This makes it the longest continental mountain range in the world.
Correct Option: C) The Andes
The question asks for the best description of the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats. We need to evaluate each option based on the geological formation and characteristics of these mountain ranges in India.
Correct Option: D) Block-faulted / residual highland edges of the Deccan plateau. The Western Ghats are an uplifted, block-faulted edge of the Deccan Plateau, formed by the rifting of the Indian subcontinent. The Eastern Ghats are older, highly eroded, and discontinuous residual mountains.
The question asks to identify the landform created when a block of crust is uplifted between two normal faults, similar to a horst. This is a fundamental concept in structural geology related to faulting.
D) Block mountain — A block mountain is formed when large areas of the Earth's crust are broken into blocks by faults and some blocks are uplifted relative to others. A horst, which is an upthrown block between two normal faults, is a classic example of a block mountain. Therefore, the upthrown block between two normal faults forms a block mountain.