C. Experienced, generally wealthy and aristocratic, former officials
8.
Roman Republican society was broadly divided into two main social classes/orders: the wealthy, aristocratic patricians, and the generally less privileged:
A.
Plebeians
B.
Consuls (an official position, not a broad social class)
C.
Senators (a specific political role, not this broad social class)
D.
Gladiators (a specific occupational category, not this broad social class)
Over time, the plebeians of Rome secured important political rights and protections, including the establishment of an office specifically representing their interests, known as the:
A.
Consul (an office generally associated with the patrician elite, not specifically this plebeian representative role)
B.
Tribune of the Plebs
C.
Praetor (an important judicial/administrative office, though not specifically this plebeian representative role)
D.
Senator (a broader deliberative role, not specifically this plebeian representative office)
An important early codification of Roman law, inscribed publicly and representing a significant step towards legal transparency for both patricians and plebeians, is known as the:
A.
Justinian Code (a much later Byzantine legal codification)
B.
Magna Carta (a much later medieval English document, unrelated to ancient Rome)
C.
Code of Hammurabi (an ancient Mesopotamian legal code, unrelated to Rome)
The 'Punic Wars', a series of major conflicts significantly shaping Rome's rise as a Mediterranean power, were fought between the Roman Republic and the North African city-state of:
A.
Sparta (a Greek, not North African/Punic, city-state)
B.
Alexandria
C.
Carthage
D.
Athens (a Greek, not North African/Punic, city-state)
The Second Punic War, one of the most significant conflicts of this series, is particularly notable for the remarkable and daring military campaign of the Carthaginian general:
A.
Julius Caesar (a much later Roman general/statesman, not associated with the Punic Wars)
B.
Pompey (a much later Roman general/statesman, not associated with the Punic Wars)
C.
Scipio Africanus (a prominent Roman, not Carthaginian, general during this war)
