Thermal Equilibrium and the Concept of Temperature NEET Questions

Physics - Thermodynamics

Thermal Equilibrium and the Concept of Temperature MCQ Questions


13.
The condition that characterises thermal equilibrium between two systems is:
A.
Equal densities
B.
Equal pressures
C.
Equal temperatures — the thermodynamic variable that has the same value for both systems in thermal equilibrium
D.
Equal volumes
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ANSWER :
C. Equal temperatures — the thermodynamic variable that has the same value for both systems in thermal equilibrium
14.
The concept of temperature in thermodynamics is formally derived from:
A.
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
B.
The First Law of Thermodynamics
C.
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
D.
Newton's laws of motion
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ANSWER :
A. The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
15.
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that:
A.
No process can convert heat entirely into work
B.
Two systems each in thermal equilibrium with a third system separately are in thermal equilibrium with each other
C.
Heat always flows from hot to cold bodies
D.
Energy is always conserved in any process
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ANSWER :
B. Two systems each in thermal equilibrium with a third system separately are in thermal equilibrium with each other
16.
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics was formulated by R.H. Fowler in 1931, long AFTER the First and Second Laws were established. The reason it is called 'Zeroth' is:
A.
It has no practical applications
B.
It applies only to systems at absolute zero temperature
C.
It logically precedes the First and Second Laws — it defines the concept of temperature which is needed for the other laws, so it was assigned the number zero retroactively
D.
It was the most recently discovered law
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ANSWER :
C. It logically precedes the First and Second Laws — it defines the concept of temperature which is needed for the other laws, so it was assigned the number zero retroactively
17.
Consider three systems A, B, and C. Initially A and B are each in thermal equilibrium with C (separately, via conducting walls). When A and B are then placed in direct contact (with C isolated from A and B), what happens?
A.
B heats up and A cools down
B.
A and B show no change — they are already in thermal equilibrium with each other
C.
A and B exchange heat until they reach a new equilibrium
D.
A heats up and B cools down
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ANSWER :
B. A and B show no change — they are already in thermal equilibrium with each other
18.
The Zeroth Law experiment described in NCERT involves systems A and B separated by an adiabatic wall, while each is in contact with system C via a conducting wall. After A and B both reach equilibrium with C, the adiabatic wall between A and B is replaced by a conducting wall. What is observed?
A.
Heat flows from A to B indefinitely
B.
Heat flows from B to A indefinitely
C.
States of A and B do not change further — they are already in thermal equilibrium with each other
D.
Pressure of the system doubles
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ANSWER :
C. States of A and B do not change further — they are already in thermal equilibrium with each other