The question asks about the living conditions of early humans before the development of civilization. This requires knowledge of prehistoric human habitats and lifestyles.
Correct Option: D) Trees and Caves
Before civilization, early humans were nomadic hunter-gatherers. They primarily lived in natural shelters. Caves provided protection from weather and predators, and evidence of early human habitation (cave paintings, tools) is abundant in caves worldwide. Trees also served as important shelters, especially for protection from ground predators and for sleeping safely above ground.
| National Highway | Cities connected |
| 1) NH 4 | Chennai and Hyderabad |
| 2) NH 6 | Mumbai and Kolkata |
| 3) NH 15 | Ahmedabad and Jodhpur |
The question asks to identify correctly matched pairs of National Highways and the cities they connect. This requires knowledge of the routes of major National Highways in India. We will examine each pair individually to determine its correctness.
The old NH 4 (before renumbering in 2010) connected Mumbai and Chennai. The new NH 4 is a much shorter highway in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Hyderabad is connected to Chennai by NH 16 (formerly NH 5) and NH 44 (formerly NH 7). Therefore, NH 4 does not connect Chennai and Hyderabad.
The old NH 6 connected Surat (Gujarat) to Kolkata (West Bengal). However, after the renumbering of National Highways in 2010, the route from Mumbai to Kolkata is primarily covered by NH 53 and NH 16 (partially). The old NH 6 does not directly connect Mumbai and Kolkata; it connected Surat to Kolkata. Mumbai is connected to Kolkata via different routes, not directly by NH 6 (old or new).
The old NH 15 connected Pathankot (Punjab) to Samakhiali (Gujarat), passing through parts of Rajasthan including Jodhpur. However, it did not connect Ahmedabad and Jodhpur directly as a primary route. Ahmedabad is connected to Jodhpur via NH 14 and NH 62 (formerly NH 112). The new NH 15 is in Arunachal Pradesh. Therefore, this pair is also incorrectly matched.
D) None
As established in the step-by-step analysis, all three given pairs are incorrectly matched based on the routes of the National Highways (both old and new numbering schemes). Therefore, none of the pairs are correctly matched.
The question asks to identify the natural conditions essential for selecting an ideal site, likely for human settlement or agriculture. We need to evaluate each given condition to determine its importance.
All these conditions (favourable climate, availability of water, suitable land, and fertile soil) are natural factors that significantly influence the suitability of a site for human activity and settlement. Therefore, an ideal site would possess all these attributes.
Correct Option: D) All of the above
The question asks to identify the type of settlements found in deep forests and mountains. This requires understanding the characteristics of different settlement types, especially in challenging geographical environments.
C) Temporary. Settlements in deep forests and mountains are often temporary because the inhabitants (e.g., nomadic tribes, shifting cultivators, pastoralists) frequently move in search of food, water, pasture, or due to seasonal changes. The harsh environment and limited resources do not support permanent, fixed dwellings for long periods.
The question asks about the type of roof common in hot climates. We need to consider the thermal properties and common uses of each roof type listed.
Correct Option: C) Thatched roof
The question asks to identify the highest roadway in the world among the given options. This requires knowledge of geographical facts related to high-altitude roads.
A) Manali -Leh The Manali-Leh Highway is famous for its high-altitude passes, including Tanglang La, which is one of the highest motorable passes in the world. This makes it the highest roadway among the given choices.