The question asks to identify which of the given factors are associated with soil erosion in India. We need to evaluate each option (Terrace cultivation, Deforestation, Tropical climate) for its role in causing or preventing soil erosion.
B) 2 only
Deforestation is a direct and significant cause of soil erosion. Terrace cultivation is a measure to prevent soil erosion. While a tropical climate with heavy rainfall can contribute to erosion, it's the lack of protective cover (often due to deforestation) that makes it a 'problem' in the context of human impact and land degradation.
| Hills | Region |
| 1) Cardamom Hills | Coromandel Coast |
| 2) Kaimur Hills | Konkan Coast |
| 3) Mahadeo Hills | Central India |
| 4) Mikir Hills | North-East India |
The question asks to identify the correctly matched pairs of hills and their associated regions/coasts. We need to evaluate each pair based on geographical knowledge of India.
C) 3 and 4 are correctly matched.
The question asks to identify the tributaries of the Godavari River from a given list. This requires knowledge of the major river systems in India and their tributaries.
Correct Option: D) 2 and 3 only
The question asks to identify the tributaries of the Brahmaputra River from the given options. To answer this, one needs to have knowledge of the major rivers and their tributaries in Northeast India.
D) 1, 2 and 3
All three rivers — Dibang, Kameng, and Lohit — are significant tributaries of the Brahmaputra River, primarily flowing through Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India.
The question asks about a recent river linking project that was undertaken. This requires knowledge of major river interlinking projects in India, particularly those that have been in the news around the time the question was framed (2016).
Correct Option: B) Godavari and Krishna
The linking of the Godavari and Krishna rivers was a significant project undertaken recently, specifically through the Pattiseema Lift Irrigation Project in Andhra Pradesh. This project, completed in 2015, involved diverting Godavari river water from the Polavaram project's right main canal into the Krishna river basin via the Budameru rivulet. This was a major step towards inter-state river linking and was widely reported around the time the UPSC exam was conducted (2016).
The question asks us to evaluate the correctness of three statements regarding the Teesta River. We need to recall geographical facts about the Teesta River, its origin, tributaries, and outflow point.
Correct Option: B) 2 only