The question asks for the phenomenon where light splits into its constituent colors. We need to identify the correct optical phenomenon from the given options.
C) Dispersion is the phenomenon where white light splits into its constituent colors (like VIBGYOR - Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red) when it passes through a transparent medium such as a prism. This happens because the refractive index of the medium is different for different wavelengths (colors) of light, causing them to deviate by different angles.
The question asks about the number of unique dot patterns available in the Braille system. Braille uses a cell of raised dots to represent letters, numbers, and symbols. Understanding the structure of a Braille cell is key to determining the total number of possible patterns.
Correct Option: C) 63
The Braille system uses a 6-dot cell. Each dot can either be present or absent. This gives \(2^6 = 64\) possible combinations. One of these combinations is a blank cell (no dots raised), which typically represents a space. Excluding this blank cell, there are 63 unique dot patterns available for representing letters, numbers, punctuation, and other symbols.
To determine which material cannot be used to make a lens, we need to understand the fundamental properties required for a material to function as a lens. A lens works by refracting (bending) light. For light to be refracted effectively and form an image, the material must be transparent and allow light to pass through it with minimal scattering or absorption.
D) Clay — Clay is an opaque material. It does not allow light to pass through it, nor does it refract light in a manner suitable for image formation. Therefore, it cannot be used to make a lens.
| List I | List II |
| a) Incident ray | 1.) The ray that comes back from the surface after reflection |
| b) Reflected ray | 2.) The light ray strikes any surface |
| c) Angle of incidence | 3.) The angle between the normal and the reflected ray |
| d) Angle of reflection | 4.) The angle between the normal and the incident ray |
The question asks us to match terms related to the reflection of light (incident ray, reflected ray, angle of incidence, angle of reflection) with their correct definitions. We need to recall the basic definitions from the laws of reflection.
B) a-2,b-1,c-4,d-3 is the correct match based on the definitions above.
The question asks about the type of surface where diffused reflection occurs. Diffused reflection, also known as diffuse reflection, is a type of reflection where light rays are scattered in many different directions. This phenomenon is directly related to the texture of the reflecting surface.
Correct Option: C) rough
Diffused reflection occurs when light rays strike an uneven or rough surface. The irregularities on the surface cause the parallel incident light rays to reflect in many different directions, scattering the light. This is why we can see non-luminous objects from various angles, as the light reflecting off their rough surfaces is scattered towards our eyes.
The question relates to the fundamental laws of reflection in optics. These laws describe how light behaves when it strikes a surface and bounces off. One of the key aspects of these laws concerns the spatial relationship between the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal at the point of incidence.
A) Same — According to the first law of reflection, the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal drawn at the point of incidence to the reflecting surface all lie in the same plane. This is a fundamental principle of optics.