With reference to the history of India, consider the following pairs:
| 1) Aurang | In-charge of treasury of the State |
| 2) Banian | Indian agent of the East India Company. |
| 3) Mirasidar | Designated revenue payer to the State |
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
The question asks to identify correctly matched pairs related to historical terms in India. We need to evaluate each pair individually based on historical definitions.
The term 'Aurang' (also spelled 'Arang') refers to a Persian word for a warehouse or a place where goods are collected before being sold. It was often associated with weaving centers or commercial depots, especially during the Mughal period and later with European trading companies. It does not mean 'in-charge of the treasury of the State'. The person in charge of the treasury was typically called the 'Diwan' or 'Khazanchi'. Therefore, Pair 1 is incorrectly matched.
The term 'Banian' (or 'Banyan') was commonly used in British India to refer to an Indian merchant, broker, or agent, particularly one who acted as an intermediary between European traders (like the East India Company) and local producers or markets. They often managed the commercial affairs of European merchants. Therefore, Pair 2 is correctly matched.
The term 'Mirasidar' (or 'Mirasiadar') refers to a person who held hereditary proprietary rights over land in certain parts of South India, particularly during the British colonial period. They were the recognized landowners and were responsible for paying land revenue directly to the state. Therefore, Pair 3 is correctly matched.
Based on the analysis, pairs 2 and 3 are correctly matched.
Correct Option: B) 2 and 3 only
With reference to the religious history of India, consider the following statements:
1. Sthaviravadins belong to Mahayana Buddhism.
2. Lokottaravadin sect was an offshoot of Mahasanghika sect of Buddhism.
3. The deification of Buddha by Mahasanghikas fostered the Mahayana Buddhism.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
The question asks us to identify the correct statements regarding different sects and developments within early Buddhism, particularly focusing on the relationship between Sthaviravadins, Mahasanghikas, Lokottaravadins, and the emergence of Mahayana Buddhism.
B) 2 and 3 only
The question asks about the impact of the Industrial Revolution on India during the first half of the nineteenth century. We need to identify the statement that accurately describes this impact, specifically focusing on the period between 1800 and 1850.
Correct Option: A) Indian handicrafts were ruined. The influx of cheap, machine-made British goods, coupled with discriminatory colonial policies, led to the severe decline and destruction of India's traditional handicraft industries, especially textiles, during the first half of the 19th century.
Consider the following events in the history of India:
1. Rise of Pratiharas under King Bhoja .
2. Establishment of Pallava power under Mahendravarman-1.
3. Establishment of Chola power by Parantaka-1.
4. The Pala dynasty founded by Gopala
What is the correct chronological order of the above events, starting from the earliest time?
To determine the correct chronological order of the given events, we need to recall the approximate time periods associated with each historical event and the key figures mentioned. We will then arrange them from the earliest to the latest.
Now, let's arrange these events chronologically:
The correct chronological sequence is 2-4-1-3.
C) 2-4-1-3 is the correct chronological order, starting from the earliest event: Pallavas under Mahendravarman I (early 7th century), followed by the founding of the Pala dynasty by Gopala (mid-8th century), then the rise of Pratiharas under King Bhoja (mid-9th century), and finally the establishment of Chola power by Parantaka I (early 10th century).
The question asks for the definition of 'Hundi' in the context of the post-Harsha period in Indian history. This requires knowledge of historical economic and administrative terms.
C) A bill of exchange — A Hundi was a financial instrument used in the Indian subcontinent for trade and credit. It served as a bill of exchange, allowing merchants to transfer money from one place to another without carrying physical cash, thus reducing risks associated with travel and transportation of wealth. This system was well-established and widely used during the post-Harsha period and continued for centuries.
With reference to the book "Desher Katha" written by Sakharam Ganesh Deuskar during the freedom struggle, consider the following statements:
1. It warned against the Colonial State's hypnotic conquest of the mind.
2. It inspired the performance of Swadeshi street plays and folk songs.
3. The use of 'desh' by Deuskar was in the specific context of the region of Bengal.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
The question asks us to identify the correct statements regarding Sakharam Ganesh Deuskar's book "Desher Katha" in the context of the Indian freedom struggle. We need to evaluate each statement based on historical facts about the book and its impact.
A) 1 and 2 only. Statements 1 and 2 accurately describe the nature and impact of Sakharam Ganesh Deuskar's "Desher Katha." The book warned against mental subjugation by the colonial state and inspired cultural forms of protest like Swadeshi street plays and folk songs.
The Gandhi-Irwin Pact included which of the following?
1. Invitation to Congress to participate in the Round Table Conference.
2. Withdrawal of Ordinances promulgated in connection with the Civil Disobedience Movement.
3. Acceptance of Gandhiji's suggestion for enquiry into police excesses.
4. Release of only those prisoners who were not charged with violence.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
The question asks to identify the provisions included in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931. We need to evaluate each statement against the historical facts of the pact.
Based on the analysis, statements 1, 2, and 4 are correct.
B) 1, 2 and 4 only. This option correctly identifies the provisions of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact which included the invitation to Congress for the Round Table Conference, the withdrawal of ordinances, and the release of non-violent political prisoners.
The question asks about the founder of 'Vital-Vidhvansak', the first monthly journal specifically aimed at the untouchable community. This requires knowledge of prominent social reformers and their contributions to the anti-caste movement in India.
Correct Option: A) Gopal Baba Walangkar
Gopal Baba Walangkar (1840-1919) was a social reformer and activist from Maharashtra. He is recognized as one of the earliest pioneers of the Dalit movement. After serving in the army, he dedicated his life to fighting against caste discrimination. In 1888, he started 'Vital-Vidhvansak' (Destroyer of Brahmanical Pollution), which is considered the first monthly journal in India specifically targeting the untouchable community to voice their grievances and advocate for their rights.
The question asks about the historical terms "kulyavapa" and "dronavapa" in the context of Indian history. To answer this, one needs to recall their specific meanings and the period they were used.
A) measurement of land — "Kulyavapa" and "dronavapa" were indeed units of land measurement, particularly prevalent during the Gupta period in ancient India. They indicated the area of land required to sow a specific quantity of seeds (kulya or drona), thus serving as practical measures of land size and productivity.
The question asks to identify the ruler who issued an inscription promoting religious tolerance and warning against sectarian devotion. This requires knowledge of ancient Indian history, specifically the policies and edicts of major emperors.
A) Ashoka. The philosophy expressed in the inscription, emphasizing religious tolerance and warning against sectarianism, is a hallmark of Emperor Ashoka's Dhamma policy, which he propagated through numerous rock and pillar edicts across his empire. The given quote is a well-known sentiment from his edicts, particularly the 12th Major Rock Edict.