The question asks for India's approximate share of global species diversity. This is a factual question related to biodiversity and environmental studies, often covered in general knowledge sections of competitive exams. The answer requires recalling a specific percentage.
Correct Option: D) 8.1% — India, despite having only 2.4% of the world's land area, accounts for approximately 8.1% of the global species diversity. This makes it one of the 17 megadiverse countries.
The question asks for the approximate number of plant species recorded in India. This is a factual question related to biodiversity and environmental studies, often covered in general knowledge or environmental science sections of competitive exams. The answer requires knowledge of specific biodiversity statistics for India.
India is one of the 17 megadiverse countries in the world. According to various sources, including the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, and biodiversity reports, India harbors a significant percentage of the world's plant diversity. Approximately 45,000 species of plants have been recorded from India.
D) 45,000 — This is the widely accepted approximate number of recorded plant species in India, representing about 11% of the world's known plant species.
The question asks about the approximate number of animal species recorded in India. This is a factual question related to biodiversity in India, often covered in environmental science or general knowledge sections of competitive exams. We need to recall the approximate numbers for both plant and animal species in India.
B) About 90,000 (twice the number of plant species) is the correct answer. India has recorded approximately 90,000 species of animals, which is indeed about twice the number of recorded plant species (approximately 45,000).
The question asks about the latitudinal gradient in species diversity. This is a fundamental concept in ecology that describes how species richness changes with latitude.
B) Decreases from the equator towards the poles. This statement accurately describes the latitudinal gradient in species diversity, which is a fundamental ecological pattern.
The question asks about the approximate number of bird species found in Colombia, a country known for its high biodiversity, especially near the equator. This is a factual recall question related to biodiversity and geography.
Correct Option: D) 1,400
Colombia is renowned for having the highest number of bird species in the world. While the exact number fluctuates with new discoveries and taxonomic revisions, it is consistently cited as being well over 1,800, often approaching 2,000. Among the given choices, 1,400 is the closest figure that represents this exceptional biodiversity.