The question asks to identify the westernmost and longest tributary of the Ganga river. This requires knowledge of the major tributaries of the Ganga and their geographical positions and lengths.
C) The Yamuna is the westernmost and the longest tributary of the Ganga river. It originates from the Yamunotri Glacier and joins the Ganga at Prayagraj (Allahabad). Its length is approximately 1,376 km.
To determine if a tributary is a left bank or right bank tributary, one must imagine standing in the main river facing downstream (in the direction of the river's flow). If the tributary joins from the left side, it's a left bank tributary; if it joins from the right side, it's a right bank tributary. Additionally, understanding the geographical location of the Son River relative to the Ganga's flow is crucial.
Correct Option: C) Right bank (south)
The Son River originates in the Amarkantak plateau, which is located to the south of the Ganga plains. It flows northwards to meet the Ganga. When viewed from the perspective of the Ganga flowing eastwards, the Son joins from the right side. Thus, it is a right bank tributary coming from the south.
The question asks to identify the river known as the 'Sorrow of Bihar'. This is a common geographical epithet used to describe a river that frequently causes devastating floods in a particular region.
Correct Option: A) The Kosi — The Kosi River is famously known as the 'Sorrow of Bihar' due to its recurrent and destructive floods, which cause significant loss of life, property, and agricultural land in the state every year. Its unpredictable nature and tendency to shift its course contribute to its notoriety.
The question asks to identify the river historically known as the 'Sorrow of Bengal' before flood control measures were implemented. This is a common general knowledge question related to Indian geography and history.
C) The Damodar — The Damodar River was historically infamous for its devastating floods in the plains of West Bengal, which led to it being called the 'Sorrow of Bengal'. After the establishment of the Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) in 1948, a series of dams and barrages were constructed, which effectively brought the floods under control, thus 'taming' the river.
The question asks for the lake near which the Brahmaputra river originates from the Chemayungdung glacier. This is a factual question related to the geography of major Indian rivers.
D) Mansarovar lake. The Brahmaputra river originates from the Chemayungdung glacier (or Angsi Glacier), which is located near the Mansarovar lake in southwestern Tibet.
The question asks for the name of the Brahmaputra river in Tibet. This requires knowledge of the geographical names of major rivers as they flow through different regions.
D) Tsangpo — In Tibet, the Brahmaputra river is known as the Yarlung Tsangpo. This is its Tibetan name before it enters Arunachal Pradesh in India.