The question asks about the geographical location associated with the appearance of warm currents during an El Niño event. This requires knowledge of the El Niño phenomenon and its primary region of occurrence.
Correct Option: A) Peru. El Niño is characterized by the warming of ocean surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, particularly off the coast of Peru and Ecuador. This phenomenon leads to significant global weather changes.
The question asks for the meaning of the word 'El-Nino'. This is a direct recall question related to geographical and climatological terminology. Understanding the origin and literal translation of the term is key.
Correct Option: B) Child Christ. The term 'El-Nino' is Spanish for 'The Child', and it refers to the Christ Child because the phenomenon was first observed around Christmas time.
The question asks for the correct definition of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). We need to recall the characteristics of the ITCZ, including its location and associated pressure and wind patterns.
Correct Option: C) Low pressure zone at the equator where trade winds converge
This option accurately describes the ITCZ. It is located near the equator, characterized by low atmospheric pressure, and is the region where the trade winds from both hemispheres converge.
The question asks about the number of branches in which the southwest monsoon approaches the Indian landmass. This is a fundamental concept in Indian geography and climatology.
Therefore, the southwest monsoon approaches the Indian landmass in two main branches.
D) Two — The southwest monsoon splits into two main branches: the Arabian Sea Branch and the Bay of Bengal Branch, as it approaches the Indian subcontinent.
The question asks to identify the place known for receiving the highest average annual rainfall in the world. This is a factual question related to world geography and climate.
Correct Option: A) Mawsynram is known to receive the highest average annual rainfall in the world. Its geographical location, nestled in the Khasi Hills, and its interaction with the monsoon winds contribute to this extreme precipitation.
The question asks to identify the meteorological phenomenon where, after an initial period of rain during the southwest monsoon, there is a prolonged dry spell. We need to understand the definitions of the given options in the context of the Indian monsoon.
B) Break in the monsoon — This term accurately describes the situation where, after an initial period of rainfall during the southwest monsoon, there is a prolonged period (one or more weeks) of little to no rain. This occurs due to shifts in the monsoon trough or other atmospheric conditions.