The question asks to identify the second law of reflection, given that the first law states the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. We need to recall the complete set of laws of reflection.
D) The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane. This is the accurate statement of the second law of reflection.
This question tests the fundamental Law of Reflection in optics. The Law of Reflection states that the angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection. Both angles are measured with respect to the normal to the surface.
Correct Option: B) 30° is the correct answer because, according to the Law of Reflection, the angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection.
The problem involves understanding the properties of image formation by a plane mirror. A key characteristic of plane mirrors is that the image formed is virtual, erect, and laterally inverted, and the distance of the image behind the mirror is equal to the distance of the object in front of the mirror.
Correct Option: D) 1.0 m is the total distance between the object and its image.
The question asks about the characteristics of an image formed by a plane mirror. We need to recall the properties of images formed by plane mirrors based on the principles of reflection.
Considering these properties, we can evaluate the given options.
Correct Option: C) Virtual, erect, and of the same size as the object, but laterally inverted
This option accurately describes all the key characteristics of an image formed by a plane mirror: it is virtual, erect, the same size as the object, and laterally inverted.
The number of images formed by two plane mirrors placed at an angle to each other can be determined using a specific formula. This formula depends on whether the value \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{\theta}\) is an even integer, an odd integer, or a fraction, and also on the object's position (symmetrically or asymmetrically).
Identify the given angle: The angle between the two plane mirrors is given as \(\theta = 60^{\circ}\).
Calculate \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{\theta}\):
\[ n = \frac{360^{\circ}}{\theta} = \frac{360^{\circ}}{60^{\circ}} = 6 \]Determine the number of images: Since \(n=6\) is an even integer, the number of images formed is given by the formula \(N = n - 1\).
Apply the formula:
\[ N = 6 - 1 = 5 \]This formula applies regardless of whether the object is placed symmetrically or asymmetrically when \(n\) is an even integer. Thus, 5 images will be formed.
A) 5 — As calculated, when the angle between two plane mirrors is \(60^{\circ}\), the number of images formed is \(N = \frac{360^{\circ}}{60^{\circ}} - 1 = 6 - 1 = 5\).
The question asks to identify the characteristic surface properties of a concave mirror. We need to recall the definition and behavior of concave mirrors regarding light reflection.
C) Its reflecting surface curves inward, like the inside of a bowl, and it can converge parallel rays of light to a focal point. This statement accurately describes the physical structure and optical property (convergence of parallel rays) of a concave mirror.