The question asks to identify the author of the influential book 'Planned Economy for India' published in 1934, which laid the groundwork for economic planning in India. This requires knowledge of prominent Indian engineers and statesmen who contributed to economic thought during the pre-independence era.
Sir M. Visvesvaraya, a distinguished engineer and statesman, authored 'Planned Economy for India' in 1934. This book was a pioneering work that advocated for a systematic approach to industrialization and economic development in India, long before the country gained independence. His vision significantly influenced subsequent economic planning efforts in independent India.
B) M. Visvesvaraya — Sir M. Visvesvaraya (often referred to as Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya) was a renowned Indian engineer, scholar, statesman, and the Diwan of Mysore from 1912 to 1918. He is celebrated for his contributions to engineering and public works. His book 'Planned Economy for India' (1934) was a seminal work that proposed a ten-year plan for the economic development of India, emphasizing industrialization and efficient resource utilization. This makes option B the correct answer.
The question asks about the origin of the 'Bombay Plan' of 1944-45, specifically who drafted it. This requires knowledge of Indian economic history and the key figures involved in planning during the pre-independence era.
A) Prominent Indian industrialists (including J.R.D. Tata and G.D. Birla)
The 'Bombay Plan', officially titled 'A Brief Memorandum Outlining a Plan of Economic Development for India', was indeed drafted by eight leading Indian industrialists in 1944-45. These included J.R.D. Tata, G.D. Birla, Purshottamdas Thakurdas, Ardeshir Dalal, Kasturbhai Lalbhai, John Mathai, A.D. Shroff, and L.N. Birla. The plan advocated for state-directed industrialisation and aimed to double the per capita income over a 15-year period.
The question asks to identify the proponent of the 'People's Plan' of 1945, which focused on agriculture and a decentralised socialist approach. This requires knowledge of the various economic planning proposals put forth in India during the pre-independence era.
Correct Option: C) M.N. Roy and the Indian Federation of Labour
The 'People's Plan' was indeed proposed by M.N. Roy, a radical humanist and communist leader, in 1945. It was drafted on behalf of the Indian Federation of Labour. This plan was a ten-year plan that laid stress on agricultural development and the nationalisation of all means of production, advocating for a socialist economy with decentralised planning.
The question asks to identify the author of the 'Gandhian Plan' of 1944, which emphasized self-sufficient village economies and decentralization. This requires knowledge of the various economic plans proposed in India during the pre-independence era and their proponents.
Correct Option: D) Shriman Narayan Agarwal formulated the 'Gandhian Plan' in 1944. This plan was deeply rooted in Gandhian economic philosophy, advocating for a decentralized economy with a focus on agriculture, village industries, and self-sufficiency at the local level.
The question asks to identify the author of the 'Sarvodaya Plan' which was published in 1950 and was based on Gandhian principles. This requires knowledge of prominent Indian economists, planners, and social thinkers and their contributions to India's economic and social planning.
B) Jayaprakash Narayan authored the 'Sarvodaya Plan' in 1950. This plan was inspired by Gandhian principles, focusing on decentralization, self-sufficiency, and the upliftment of all sections of society, particularly the rural poor.
The question asks about the chairman of the National Planning Committee established in 1938 by the Indian National Congress. This is a factual question related to the history of economic planning in India during the pre-independence era.
Correct Option: A) Jawaharlal Nehru was indeed the chairman of the National Planning Committee set up in 1938 by the Indian National Congress. This committee was a pioneering effort to formulate a comprehensive economic plan for independent India.