The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a military alliance formed in 1949 by the United States and several Western European nations, was established primarily as a collective defence measure against potential aggression from:
A.
China
B.
Only internal domestic threats within member countries
The founding treaty of NATO includes a key collective defence provision, generally understood to mean that an armed attack against one member state would be considered an attack against:
A.
Only that specific member state, with no obligation on other members
B.
The United Nations Security Council exclusively, with no direct NATO military response implied
C.
Only non-member states, with no relevance to NATO members themselves
D. All member states, obligating collective response
15.
In direct response to the formation of NATO (and West Germany's subsequent inclusion in it), the Soviet Union formed a rival military alliance with its Eastern European satellite states in 1955, known as the:
A.
Delian League (an ancient Greek alliance, entirely unrelated to this Cold War context)
B.
Warsaw Pact
C.
Axis Powers (an alliance from the earlier Second World War era, unrelated to this Cold War context)
D.
Triple Entente (an alliance from the earlier First World War era, unrelated to this Cold War context)
The 'Berlin Blockade', an early major Cold War crisis, occurred in 1948-49 when the Soviet Union attempted to cut off Western access to the city of West Berlin, which was located deep within:
In response to the Berlin Blockade, the United States and its allies organised a massive and sustained operation to supply the isolated city of West Berlin by air, commonly known as the:
A.
Berlin Airlift
B.
Domino Theory (a broader Cold War concept, not this specific airlift operation)
C.
Marshall Plan (a distinct economic aid programme, not this specific airlift operation)
D.
Truman Doctrine (a broader foreign policy statement, not this specific airlift operation)
