The question asks about the destructive impacts of tropical cyclones. To answer this, one needs to understand the primary physical phenomena associated with these powerful weather systems.
Correct Option: C) Violent winds, very heavy rainfall, and storm surges
The question asks about the regional names for tropical cyclones, specifically where they are called 'Typhoons', according to NCERT textbooks. This is a factual question related to world geography and climatology.
Correct Option: A) The Western Pacific and South China Sea. According to NCERT and general geographical terminology, tropical cyclones are known as 'Typhoons' in the Western Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. This region is prone to some of the most intense and frequent tropical cyclones globally.
This question asks about the necessary conditions for the formation and intensification of a tropical cyclone, specifically referencing NCERT texts. We need to recall the key environmental factors required for tropical cyclogenesis.
Correct Option: B) A large sea surface with temperature higher than \(27^\circ \text{C}\) is a fundamental requirement for the formation and intensification of tropical cyclones, as it provides the necessary heat and moisture.
The question asks about the primary energy source that intensifies a tropical cyclone. Understanding the fundamental physics of tropical cyclone formation and intensification is key to answering this question. Tropical cyclones are heat engines that draw energy from warm ocean waters.
B) Condensation process in the towering cumulonimbus clouds around the storm's centre is the correct answer. The release of latent heat during condensation is the main energy source that drives the powerful updrafts and intensifies the low-pressure system, thereby strengthening the tropical cyclone.
Tropical cyclones are powerful weather systems that draw their energy from warm ocean waters. Understanding the primary energy source of these storms is key to determining why they dissipate upon making landfall.
Correct Option: D) The moisture supply from the sea is cut off
This is the primary reason for a tropical cyclone's dissipation after landfall. The storm loses its main energy source, which is the latent heat released from the condensation of moisture evaporated from warm ocean waters.
The question asks for the specific term used to describe the event when a tropical cyclone reaches and crosses a coastal area. Understanding the terminology related to cyclones is crucial for answering this question.
Correct Option: C) Landfall of the cyclone — This term specifically refers to the event where the center of a tropical cyclone crosses the coast.