The question describes a specific atmospheric pressure belt characterized by intense heating, rising air, and calm conditions located around the equator. We need to identify the correct name for this zone from the given options.
Correct Option: B) Equatorial Low (or Doldrums) is the belt of low atmospheric pressure found around the equator. This region receives direct sunlight, leading to high temperatures, which causes the air to expand and rise. This upward movement of air results in low surface pressure and often calm winds, historically known as the Doldrums, making it difficult for sailing ships.
The question asks to identify the atmospheric pressure belt located around 30 degrees North and South latitude, characterized by descending air and calm, dry conditions. This requires knowledge of global pressure belts and atmospheric circulation patterns.
B) Subtropical High (or Horse Latitudes) — This belt is located around 30 degrees North and South latitude. It is characterized by descending air, which leads to high pressure, clear skies, and dry, calm conditions. These are also historically known as the Horse Latitudes due to sailing ships getting becalmed there.
The question asks to identify the specific low-pressure belt located around 60 degrees North and South latitude, which is characterized by the convergence of contrasting air masses. This requires knowledge of the Earth's global pressure belts and their formation mechanisms.
D) Subpolar Low — This belt is located around 60 degrees North and South latitude. It is a dynamically induced low-pressure zone where warm, moist westerlies converge with cold, dry polar easterlies, causing air to rise and creating low pressure at the surface.
The question asks to identify the belt of high atmospheric pressure at the poles (90 degrees North and South) characterized by cold, dense, descending air. This relates to the global atmospheric circulation patterns.
B) Polar High — This is the correct answer. The Polar Highs are located at the poles (90° N and S). They are characterized by extremely cold temperatures, which cause the air to become dense and sink, leading to high atmospheric pressure at the surface. This descending air is also very dry.
To determine the direction of Trade Winds, we need to understand the global pressure belts and the Coriolis effect. Trade Winds originate from the subtropical high-pressure belts and move towards the equatorial low-pressure belt. Their direction is influenced by the Coriolis force, which deflects winds to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
Correct Option: A) North-east in the Northern Hemisphere and south-east in the Southern Hemisphere
This option accurately describes the direction of Trade Winds in both hemispheres, considering the Coriolis effect.
This question asks about the general direction of the Westerlies, which are planetary winds. To answer this, we need to recall the global pressure belts and the Coriolis effect, which influences wind direction.
Correct Option: B) West towards the east