To determine which material will float on water, we need to compare the density of each material with the density of water. An object floats if its density is less than the density of the liquid it is placed in, and it sinks if its density is greater than the liquid's density.
A) Wood (density = 800 kg/m³)
The density of wood is \(800 \text{ kg/m}^3\). Since \(800 \text{ kg/m}^3 < 1000 \text{ kg/m}^3\) (density of water), wood will float on water.
To determine which substance has the highest density, we need to understand the concept of density and compare the typical densities of the given materials: water, ice, wood, and steel.
where \(M\) is the mass and \(V\) is the volume. A higher density means more mass is packed into a given volume.
From this comparison, it is clear that steel has the highest density among the given options.
D) Steel has a typical density of about \(7850 \, \text{kg/m}^3\), which is significantly higher than water, ice, or wood.
To determine the SI unit of density, we need to recall its definition and the SI units of the fundamental quantities involved (mass and volume).
Correct Option: B) Kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m³)
This question asks for the definition of volume and how it differs from mass and weight. We need to understand the fundamental definitions of these physical quantities to identify the correct option.
B) Volume measures the space occupied by an object, unlike mass and weight. This statement accurately defines volume as the space an object takes up. Mass measures the amount of matter, and weight measures the force of gravity on that mass. Therefore, volume is distinct from both.
To answer this question, we need to understand the definition of density and the concept of intensive properties of matter. Density is a fundamental physical property, and intensive properties are those that do not depend on the amount of matter present.
\[ \rho = \frac{m}{V} \] where \(\rho\) (rho) is density, \(m\) is mass, and \(V\) is volume.
C) Density measures the mass per unit volume of a substance and remains constant regardless of the amount of substance. This statement correctly defines density as mass per unit volume and accurately describes it as an intensive property, meaning it does not change with the amount of substance.
The question asks for the definition of specific gravity. Specific gravity is a dimensionless quantity that compares the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, typically water for liquids and solids, and air for gases.
C) Specific gravity indicates the density of a substance relative to water.
This is the precise definition of specific gravity. It is a dimensionless quantity that tells us how much denser or less dense a substance is compared to water (or another reference substance).