The question asks to identify the planet farthest from the Sun according to the current classification of the Solar System. This requires knowledge of the order of planets from the Sun and the current status of Pluto.
C) Neptune is the farthest major planet from the Sun in the current classification of the Solar System.
The question asks to identify the planet with the shortest day, which means the fastest rotation on its axis. To answer this, we need to recall the rotation periods of the planets listed in the options.
A) Jupiter — Jupiter completes a rotation on its axis in approximately 9 hours and 56 minutes, making it the fastest-rotating planet in our Solar System and thus having the shortest day.
The question asks to identify the planet with the longest day (slowest rotation) and where the rotational period is longer than its orbital period around the Sun. We need to compare the rotational periods and orbital periods of the given options.
D) Venus — Venus has a rotational period of approximately 243 Earth days, which is the longest day among all planets in our solar system. Its orbital period is about 225 Earth days. Thus, its day is longer than its year, fulfilling both conditions of the question.
The question asks to identify the planet that rotates in a retrograde (opposite) direction compared to most other planets in our solar system. This is a factual question about planetary characteristics.
Correct Option: C) Venus is known for its retrograde rotation, spinning in the opposite direction to most other planets.
The question asks about the unique axial tilt of Uranus, which causes it to appear to roll along its orbit. We need to identify the approximate angle of this tilt.
Correct Option: B) About 98 degrees
The question asks for the compound responsible for Mars' characteristic red color. This is a common general knowledge fact related to planetary science.
Correct Option: C) Iron oxide (rust) is the primary compound responsible for the reddish appearance of Mars. The Martian soil is rich in iron, and over billions of years, this iron has reacted with oxygen, forming various iron oxides, predominantly ferric oxide (\(\text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3\)), which is commonly known as rust. This rust-like dust is suspended in the Martian atmosphere and covers much of its surface, giving the planet its distinctive red hue.