The question asks about the problem of international liquidity. International liquidity refers to the availability of universally accepted means of payment for international transactions. Understanding what constitutes these universally accepted means of payment is key to identifying the correct answer.
C) dollars and other hard currencies — This option correctly identifies the primary components of modern international liquidity. The non-availability or scarcity of these universally accepted currencies makes it difficult for countries to settle international debts, finance trade, and manage their balance of payments, leading to a problem of international liquidity.
The question asks about the term "Intended Nationally Determined Contribution" (INDC) which was frequently in the news around 2015-2016, specifically in the context of UPSC exams. This term is directly related to international climate change negotiations.
Correct Option: B) Plan of action outlined by the countries of the world to combat climate changes.
The question asks about a currency proposed to be added to the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Special Drawing Rights (SDR) basket around 2016. This requires knowledge of major developments in international finance and the composition of the SDR.
Correct Option: D) Renminbi
The Chinese Renminbi (RMB), also known as the Yuan, was officially added to the IMF's Special Drawing Rights (SDR) basket on October 1, 2016. This decision was made by the IMF Executive Board in November 2015, recognizing the RMB's increasing role in international trade and finance and its qualification as a "freely usable" currency. This was a significant development in global finance, reflecting China's growing economic power.
The question asks about the functions and participation in the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC). We need to evaluate each statement based on the known roles and structure of the IMFC and its relationship with other international financial institutions like the IMF and the World Bank.
C) Both 1 and 2
The question asks to identify the correct statement(s) regarding TRAFFIC. We need to evaluate each statement individually based on our knowledge of TRAFFIC's organizational structure and mission.
B) 2 only is the correct option because Statement 2 accurately describes the mission of TRAFFIC, while Statement 1 incorrectly identifies its organizational affiliation.
The question asks to identify the organization responsible for publishing the 'Global Gender Gap Index'. This requires knowledge of international reports and the organizations that publish them.
Correct Option: A) The World Economic Forum (WEF) is the international organization that publishes the annual 'Global Gender Gap Report', which includes the 'Global Gender Gap Index'. This index benchmarks countries on their progress towards gender parity across four thematic dimensions.