The question asks to identify the sector that has a population dependence of over 60 percent. This refers to the primary source of livelihood for a majority of the population, particularly in developing countries like India.
A) Agriculture — In India, the agriculture sector is the primary source of livelihood for a majority of its population. Even with the growth of other sectors, over 60% of the population, especially in rural areas, still depends on agriculture for their income and sustenance. This makes it the sector with the highest population dependence.
The Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) of sugarcane is approved by the
UPSC - 2015
Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs
Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices
Directorate of Marketing and Inspection, Ministry of Agriculture
Agricultural Produce Market Committee
The question asks about the authority responsible for approving the Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) of sugarcane in India. This is a factual question related to agricultural policies and governmental bodies.
A) Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), chaired by the Prime Minister of India, is the apex body responsible for approving the Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) of sugarcane. While the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) recommends the FRP, the CCEA gives the final approval.
The question asks to identify the constraints in the wider implementation of enhancing 'seed Replacement Rates' (SRR) in India, which is crucial for achieving food production targets. We need to evaluate each given statement against the actual policies and ground realities in India regarding seed production and supply.
India has had a National Seeds Policy since 2002. This policy aims to provide farmers with access to high-quality seeds of desired varieties and to encourage the development of the seed industry. Therefore, statement 1 is incorrect.
The private sector plays a significant and growing role in the Indian seed industry, especially in hybrid seeds, vegetables, and horticultural crops. Many private companies are actively involved in research, production, and supply of quality seeds and planting materials. Therefore, statement 2 is incorrect.
This statement reflects a genuine challenge in the Indian agricultural sector. For crops like wheat, paddy, and other cereals (which are often low-value per unit but high-volume in terms of cultivation area and production), ensuring the supply of quality certified seeds to all farmers is difficult. The economics of seed production and distribution for such crops can be less attractive for private players compared to high-value crops, leading to a gap between the demand for quality seeds and their actual supply. This gap directly hinders the enhancement of SRR. Therefore, statement 3 is correct.
B) 3 only
The question asks to identify the primary economic issue that, along with unemployment, characterizes the majority of India's economic challenges. We need to consider the fundamental and widespread economic problems faced by India.
Correct Option: C) Poverty is a fundamental and widespread economic issue in India. It is deeply intertwined with unemployment, as lack of job opportunities often leads to poverty, and poverty can hinder access to education and skills, thus contributing to unemployment. Many government policies are targeted at addressing both poverty and unemployment.
This question deals with fundamental economic principles of supply and demand. When supply and demand are not equal, it creates an imbalance in the market, leading to adjustments in price to restore equilibrium. We need to analyze the implications of such an imbalance.
The question asks about the benefits of the Integrated Watershed Development Programme (IWDP). We need to evaluate each given statement to determine if it aligns with the objectives and outcomes of such a program.
Based on this analysis, statements 1, 3, and 4 are benefits of the Integrated Watershed Development Programme, while statement 2 is not.
C) 1, 3 and 4 only. This option correctly identifies the benefits of preventing soil runoff, rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge, and regeneration of natural vegetation as outcomes of the Integrated Watershed Development Programme.