The question asks to identify political parties that existed in India post-1947. This requires knowledge of the history and formation of major political parties in India.
D) All the above — As explained above, the Socialist Party was formed in 1948, the Communist Party of India continued its operations and was a major political party post-1947, and the Swatantra Party was founded in 1959. All three were active political parties in India after 1947.
The question asks for the full form of the acronym FICCI. This requires knowledge of common abbreviations related to Indian economic and business organizations.
B) Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry
The question asks to identify the top echelons of India's national administrative service, recruitment to which is based on individual merit, as developed after 1947. This requires knowledge of the structure of civil services in India.
C) Both a and b — The Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS) are indeed the top echelons of the national administrative service in India, with recruitment based on individual merit through competitive examinations. These services are crucial for the governance and unity of the country.
The question asks about the aspects that were further unified with transport after India's independence in 1947. This requires understanding the post-independence economic and infrastructural development goals of India.
Correct Option: D) All the above. After 1947, the Indian government focused on integrating the nation. This involved not only developing transport infrastructure but also linking it intrinsically with the growth of the overall Indian economy, the creation of a unified national market, and the expansion and integration of communication networks. These three aspects are deeply intertwined with transport and were all targets for unification and development post-independence.
The question asks about the specific body established by the Indian government soon after independence to oversee planned economic development. This requires knowledge of India's post-independence economic history and institutional setup.
Correct Option: A) The Planning Commission was established soon after independence (1950) to guide India's planned economic development through Five-Year Plans. This aligns perfectly with the historical context and the purpose mentioned in the question.
The question asks to identify the entity that established the foundation for reducing social disparity by eliminating discrimination based on religion, caste, or sex. We need to consider which of the given options has the legal and foundational authority to enact such principles in a country like India.
Correct Option: B) The Constitution laid the basis for reduction of social disparity by putting an end to any discrimination on grounds of religion, caste, or sex. The Indian Constitution, through its Preamble and Fundamental Rights (e.g., Article 15), enshrines the principles of equality and prohibits discrimination, thus forming the foundational legal framework for social justice.