The question asks to identify the Sultan who introduced the Persian court practices of 'Sijda' and 'Paibos'. This requires knowledge of the administrative and court reforms implemented by various Delhi Sultans.
Correct Option: B) Balban introduced the Persian court practices of 'Sijda' (prostration before the monarch) and 'Paibos' (kissing the monarch's feet) to enhance the prestige and power of the Sultan. He believed in the divine right of kingship and used these rituals to assert his authority over the nobility and the populace.
The question asks about the theory of kingship propounded by Balban, a prominent ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. To answer this, we need to recall Balban's administrative and political ideology.
A) Zill-i-Ilahi (Shadow of God) - Balban strongly advocated for the divine right of kings. He believed that the king was the shadow of God on Earth (Zill-i-Ilahi) and that his actions were divinely inspired. This concept was central to his efforts to restore the prestige and authority of the Sultanate.
The question asks about the various dynasties in whose courts the famous Persian poet Amir Khusrau lived. To answer this, one needs to recall the historical timeline of Amir Khusrau's life and the rulers he served.
Correct Option: A) Multiple Sultans including Balban, Khaljis, and Tughluqs. This option accurately reflects the historical fact that Amir Khusrau served under various rulers from different dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate.
The question asks about the tribal origin of Iltutmish, a prominent ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. To answer this, one needs to recall the historical background of the early Delhi Sultanate rulers and their ethnic affiliations.
D) Ilbari — Iltutmish was indeed a member of the Ilbari Turkic tribe. This tribal affiliation is a well-established fact in the history of the Delhi Sultanate.
The question asks for an alternative name for the Slave Dynasty, a significant period in the history of the Delhi Sultanate. To answer this, one needs to recall the various names associated with this dynasty and its origins.
A) Mamluk Dynasty — This is the correct alternative name for the Slave Dynasty, reflecting the origin of its rulers as Mamluk slave-soldiers.
The question asks to identify the founder of the 'Barid' spy system in the Delhi Sultanate. This requires knowledge of the administrative reforms and key figures during the Delhi Sultanate period, specifically focusing on the establishment of intelligence networks.
Correct Option: B) Balban is widely credited with establishing and organizing the 'Barid' system, a highly effective intelligence network during the Delhi Sultanate. He appointed 'Barids' (intelligence officers) and 'Munhis' (secret reporters) in every administrative unit to report directly to him, ensuring he was well-informed about all happenings in his empire and preventing rebellions.