The question asks to identify the person credited with developing the modern Latin-based naming system for clouds in 1803, often referred to as the 'Father of Cloud Classification'. This requires knowledge of the history of meteorology and key figures in the field.
Correct Option: B) Luke Howard is known for developing the modern Latin-based naming system for clouds in 1803. He classified clouds into three main categories: Cirrus, Cumulus, and Stratus, with various intermediate and compound modifications. This system was revolutionary and laid the groundwork for all subsequent cloud classifications.
The question asks about the primary criteria used by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) for classifying clouds, as outlined in its International Cloud Atlas. This requires knowledge of standard meteorological cloud classification principles.
Correct Option: C) Altitude (height) and appearance (form) are the two primary criteria used by the WMO for classifying clouds. Altitude categorizes clouds into high, middle, and low families, while appearance describes their physical shape and structure (e.g., cumulus, stratus, cirrus).
The question asks about the number of basic cloud genera (types) recognized by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in its International Cloud Atlas. This is a factual question related to meteorology and requires knowledge of cloud classification.
C) Ten. The WMO International Cloud Atlas officially recognizes ten basic genera of clouds.
The question asks for the literal meaning of the Latin word 'Cirrus', which is the origin of the cloud name. To answer this, one needs to know the etymology of meteorological terms, specifically cloud classifications.
Correct Option: C) Curl of hair or wisp — The Latin word 'Cirrus' literally means 'a curl of hair' or 'a wisp'. This accurately describes the thin, delicate, and often curly or wispy appearance of cirrus clouds, which are high-level clouds composed of ice crystals.
The question asks for the meaning of the Latin term 'Cumulus' as used in cloud classification. This requires knowledge of the etymology of cloud names, which are largely derived from Latin.
A) Heap or pile — The Latin word 'Cumulus' directly translates to 'heap' or 'pile', which accurately describes the appearance of cumulus clouds as distinct, puffy, and often piled-up masses.
The question asks for the meaning of the Latin word 'Stratus' as used in cloud terminology. Understanding the etymology of cloud names is key to answering this question.
B) A layer or sheet
The Latin word 'Stratus' means 'to spread out' or 'to cover with a layer'. In meteorology, Stratus clouds are characterized by their uniform, sheet-like appearance, often covering the entire sky like a blanket. This directly corresponds to the meaning of a layer or sheet.