The question asks to identify the specific battle where Muhammad Ghori decisively defeated Prithviraj Chauhan, leading to the foundation of the Delhi Sultanate. This requires knowledge of key historical battles involving Muhammad Ghori and Prithviraj Chauhan.
D) Second Battle of Tarain (1192) — The Second Battle of Tarain in 1192 was a decisive victory for Muhammad Ghori over Prithviraj Chauhan. This battle marked the end of Rajput dominance in northern India and paved the way for the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate by Muhammad Ghori's successors, particularly Qutb al-Din Aibak.
The question asks about the outcome of the First Battle of Tarain (1191). To answer this, we need to recall the key figures involved and the result of this specific battle, distinguishing it from the Second Battle of Tarain.
Correct Option: A) Prithviraj Chauhan, who defeated Ghori's forces. This is historically accurate. In 1191, Prithviraj Chauhan's Rajput confederacy achieved a significant victory over Muhammad Ghori's invading army.
The question asks to identify the trusted slave-general to whom Muhammad Ghori entrusted the administration of his newly conquered Indian territories after his return to his homeland. This is a direct historical fact related to the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate.
Correct Option: C) Qutb-ud-din Aibak was Muhammad Ghori's most trusted slave-general. After Ghori's victories in North India, he appointed Aibak as his viceroy to administer the Indian territories. Aibak later founded the Delhi Sultanate.
The question asks about the historical event that marked the beginning of a significant empire or sultanate following Muhammad Ghori's assassination and Qutb-ud-din Aibak's declaration of independence. We need to identify which historical entity originated from this specific sequence of events in 1206.
Correct Option: B) Delhi Sultanate — Qutb-ud-din Aibak's declaration of independence in 1206, following Muhammad Ghori's assassination, marked the beginning of the Mamluk dynasty, which was the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. This event is historically recognized as the commencement of the Delhi Sultanate era in India.
The question asks to identify the iconic minaret in Delhi whose construction was initiated by Qutb-ud-din Aibak and completed by his successor. This requires knowledge of historical monuments associated with the early Delhi Sultanate period.
Correct Option: C) Qutub Minar. Qutb-ud-din Aibak started the construction of the Qutub Minar in 1192 AD, dedicating it to the Sufi saint Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki. It was later completed by his successor, Iltutmish, who added three more storeys to it. The Qutub Minar is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a prominent example of Indo-Islamic architecture.
The question asks about a significant administrative reform introduced by Iltutmish, a key ruler of the Delhi Sultanate's Slave Dynasty, aimed at consolidating and stabilizing the newly formed state. We need to identify which of the given options represents such a reform.
D) Silver and copper coinage (the Tanka and Jital). Iltutmish introduced the silver Tanka and the copper Jital, which were the first purely Arabic coins issued by the Delhi Sultanate. This standardization of currency played a vital role in the economic integration and administrative consolidation of the Sultanate, marking a significant step towards establishing a stable state.