The question asks for the unit in which latitudes are measured. Latitudes are angular measurements used in geography to specify positions on the Earth's surface. Understanding how geographical coordinates are defined will help identify the correct unit.
Correct Option: A) Degrees
The question asks to identify which of the given Indian cities lies on the Tropic of Cancer. To answer this, one needs to know the geographical location of the Tropic of Cancer and the approximate locations of the listed cities.
B) Bhopal, India — Bhopal, the capital of Madhya Pradesh, is located at approximately \(23.25^\circ\) N latitude, which is very close to the Tropic of Cancer (\(23.5^\circ\) N). The Tropic of Cancer passes through the state of Madhya Pradesh, and Bhopal is one of the major cities near this line.
The question asks about the change in the length of parallels of latitude as one moves from the Equator towards the poles. This can be understood by visualizing the Earth as a sphere (or an oblate spheroid) and considering the geometry of latitude lines.
Correct Option: A) Decreases — As explained above, parallels of latitude are largest at the Equator and gradually shrink to a point at the poles.
The question asks to identify the latitudinal range for the South Frigid Zone. This requires knowledge of Earth's major latitudinal zones and their definitions.
C) The South Frigid Zone lies between \(66\frac{1}{2}^\circ \text{ S}\) and \(90^\circ \text{ S}\). This region experiences extremely cold temperatures and receives slanting sun rays, with long periods of daylight and darkness.
This question tests knowledge about celestial navigation, specifically how the Pole Star (Polaris) is used to determine geographical coordinates. The key principle is that the angular height of the Pole Star above the horizon directly corresponds to the observer's latitude in the Northern Hemisphere.
Correct Option: B) Latitude of your place. The angular height (altitude) of the Pole Star above the horizon directly corresponds to the observer's latitude in the Northern Hemisphere. This is a fundamental principle of celestial navigation.
The question asks to identify the continent that is traversed by all three major imaginary lines of latitude: the Tropic of Cancer, the Equator, and the Tropic of Capricorn. This requires knowledge of world geography and the paths of these specific lines.
Correct Option: D) Africa is the only continent that is crossed by the Tropic of Cancer, the Equator, and the Tropic of Capricorn.