The question asks to identify the pressure belt located near the equator. This requires knowledge of global pressure belts and their geographical locations.
D) Equatorial Low (ITCZ) — This is the correct answer. The region near the equator experiences high temperatures, causing air to heat up, expand, and rise, leading to a persistent low-pressure belt at the surface. This zone is also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) due to the convergence of trade winds.
The question asks for the approximate location of subtropical high-pressure belts. This is a fundamental concept in atmospheric circulation and global pressure systems. Understanding the Hadley Cell and the general circulation of the atmosphere is key to answering this question.
Correct Option: C) 30° N and 30° S latitudes
The question asks about the location of sub-polar low-pressure belts. This relates to the global atmospheric circulation patterns and pressure belts. Understanding the major pressure belts and their approximate latitudinal positions is key to answering this question.
D) 60° N and 60° S latitudes
The sub-polar low-pressure belts are indeed located around 60° N and 60° S. At these latitudes, warmer air from the mid-latitudes meets colder air from the poles, causing the air to rise and creating a zone of low pressure.
The question asks about the location of polar high-pressure areas. This relates to the global pressure belts, which are fundamental concepts in physical geography and climatology. Understanding the distribution of these pressure belts is key to answering this question.
Correct Option: B) Near the poles (90° N and S)
This option correctly identifies the location of polar high-pressure areas. At the poles, cold, dense air descends, creating persistent high-pressure conditions.
The question asks why pressure belts are not permanent. This relates to the dynamic nature of Earth's atmospheric circulation and its primary driving force.
Correct Option: C) They shift with the apparent movement of the sun. The apparent northward and southward movement of the sun causes the zone of maximum insolation and thus the thermal equator to shift. This shift in the thermal equator leads to a corresponding shift in all the pressure belts, making them non-permanent and seasonal in nature.
The question asks for another name for the Equatorial Low pressure belt. This requires knowledge of global pressure belts and associated wind patterns and terminology in physical geography.
A) Doldrums is the correct answer. The Equatorial Low pressure belt is characterized by rising air, convection, and very light or calm winds, making sailing difficult. This region was historically known as the "Doldrums" by sailors due to these conditions.