Internal Energy NEET Questions

Physics - Thermodynamics

Internal Energy MCQ Questions


7.
The internal energy of a given mass of gas depends on its state described by specific values of pressure, volume, and temperature. NCERT emphasises that U:
A.
Depends on the chemical formula of the gas only
B.
Depends on whether the gas was heated at constant pressure or constant volume
C.
Depends on how the gas was heated
D.
Does NOT depend on how the state was arrived at — only on the current values of P, V, T
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ANSWER :
D. Does NOT depend on how the state was arrived at — only on the current values of P, V, T
8.
The molecular picture of internal energy uses kinetic theory, but NCERT emphasises that in thermodynamics, U is:
A.
Only meaningful at absolute zero temperature
B.
Simply a macroscopic state variable whose value can be inferred from state variables (P, V, T) without knowing molecular details
C.
Not a well-defined quantity in thermodynamics
D.
A microscopic variable requiring molecular speeds to compute
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ANSWER :
B. Simply a macroscopic state variable whose value can be inferred from state variables (P, V, T) without knowing molecular details
9.
For a monatomic ideal gas (3 translational degrees of freedom), internal energy of n moles is:
A.
U = (1/2)nRT
B.
U = 3nRT
C.
U = nRT
D.
U = (3/2)nRT
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ANSWER :
D. U = (3/2)nRT
10.
For a diatomic ideal gas at room temperature (5 degrees of freedom: 3 translational + 2 rotational), internal energy of n moles is:
A.
U = (7/2)nRT
B.
U = 2nRT
C.
U = (3/2)nRT
D.
U = (5/2)nRT
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ANSWER :
D. U = (5/2)nRT
11.
A box of gas moves with velocity v. The TOTAL energy of the system includes:
A.
Only the bulk kinetic energy (1/2)Mv²
B.
Only the gravitational potential energy
C.
Internal energy U PLUS the bulk kinetic energy of the box (1/2)Mv² — these are separate contributions
D.
Only the internal energy U
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ANSWER :
C. Internal energy U PLUS the bulk kinetic energy of the box (1/2)Mv² — these are separate contributions
12.
Temperature of a body is described in NCERT as related to:
A.
The kinetic energy of the body's centre of mass motion
B.
The pressure exerted by the body
C.
The average internal (disordered) energy per molecule — related to random molecular motion, NOT to ordered bulk motion
D.
The total mechanical energy of the body
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ANSWER :
C. The average internal (disordered) energy per molecule — related to random molecular motion, NOT to ordered bulk motion