The question asks to identify the author of a specific quote concerning the integration and confidence-building among tribal communities in India. This requires knowledge of prominent Indian leaders' views and policies regarding tribal welfare.
Correct Option: A) Jawaharlal Nehru — Jawaharlal Nehru was a strong proponent of a sensitive and inclusive approach to tribal development. He believed in winning the confidence of tribal people and allowing them to develop according to their own traditions, rather than imposing external models. This quote perfectly encapsulates his philosophy regarding tribal integration into the Indian mainstream.
The question asks about Jawaharlal Nehru's policy towards tribal people in India. Nehru's approach was well-documented and focused on bringing tribal communities into the national mainstream while respecting their unique culture and way of life.
B) Integrating — Nehru's policy was indeed about integrating tribal people into Indian society, making them an integral part of the Indian nation, but in a way that respected their unique culture and allowed them to develop according to their own genius. This term accurately reflects his nuanced approach.
The question asks for the common factor that led to tribal insurrections in India during the 19th century. We need to identify the underlying cause that unified various tribal uprisings.
Correct Option: D) The complete disruption of the old agrarian order of the tribal communities. This option best encapsulates the fundamental and widespread impact of British policies on tribal life. The introduction of new land revenue systems, forest laws, and the influx of outsiders all contributed to the breakdown of their traditional agrarian practices, communal land ownership, and self-sufficient economy, leading to widespread resentment and revolts.
The question asks to identify the nationalist leader who, since the 1920s, promoted constructive work and set up ashrams in tribal areas, influencing Nehru's approach to tribal policy. This requires knowledge of key figures in India's freedom struggle and their work with tribal communities.
Correct Option: C) Gandhiji. Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of constructive work, which involved setting up ashrams and promoting self-reliance and social reform in rural and tribal areas, began much before the 1920s but gained significant momentum during this period. His approach heavily influenced the nationalist movement's policy towards tribals, which subsequently shaped Nehru's views on the subject.
The question asks to identify the first President of India who supported the nationalist policy after independence, along with other major political leaders. This requires knowledge of key figures in India's post-independence history and their roles.
Dr. Rajendra Prasad served as the first President of India from 1950 to 1962. He was a prominent leader of the Indian independence movement and played a crucial role in shaping India's policies and institutions after independence. His support for nationalist policies was well-known and aligned with the vision of other major political leaders of that era.
D) Rajendra Prasad — He was the first President of India, serving from 1950 to 1962. As a key figure in the Indian National Congress and a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi, he strongly supported the nationalist policies that guided India in its initial years after gaining independence.
The question asks to identify the correct statements regarding the special responsibilities of governors in states with tribal areas, particularly concerning the protection of tribal interests. This relates to the provisions of the Fifth Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
Correct Option: C) All the above