The question asks to identify the largest ecosystem on Earth. To answer this, we need to understand the definitions of each option and how they relate to the concept of an ecosystem.
Correct Option: C) Biosphere is the largest ecosystem on Earth because it includes all living organisms and their interactions with all parts of the Earth where life exists (atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere).
The question asks to identify the scientist who coined the term 'Ecology'. This is a factual recall question related to the history of scientific terminology, specifically in the field of biology and environmental science.
Correct Option: C) Ernst Haeckel coined the term 'Ecology' in 1866. He defined it as the study of the economy, of the household of nature, referring to the interactions of living organisms with each other and with their non-living environment.
The question asks to identify the component of an ecosystem that comprises all living organisms. We need to understand the basic classification of ecosystem components into living and non-living categories.
Correct Option: D) Biotic component — This component explicitly refers to all living organisms within an ecosystem, encompassing producers (e.g., plants), consumers (e.g., animals), and decomposers (e.g., bacteria, fungi).
This question tests basic ecological terminology. Understanding the roles of different organisms in an ecosystem is key to identifying the correct term for autotrophs.
Correct Option: C) Producers
The question asks to identify an example of a detritivore. To answer this, we need to understand what a detritivore is and then evaluate each option based on its feeding habits.
B) Earthworm — Earthworms are well-known detritivores. They consume decaying organic matter present in the soil, contributing significantly to decomposition and nutrient cycling.
The question asks for the specific scientific field that studies the relationships between living organisms and their non-living surroundings. We need to evaluate each option to determine which one accurately describes this field.
Correct Option: B) Ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between living organisms and their interactions with their physical environment. This field examines how organisms adapt to their environment, how they interact with other species, and how energy and nutrients flow through ecosystems.