The question asks about the significant administrative reforms of Sher Shah Suri, a ruler known for his innovative and lasting contributions to governance in North India. We need to identify the reform that is most prominently associated with him.
Correct Option: A) Land revenue system based on careful measurement of land. Sher Shah Suri is particularly remembered for his systematic land revenue administration. He introduced a scientific system of land measurement and assessment, classifying land based on fertility and fixing the state's share at one-third of the average produce. This system was highly efficient and fair for its time.
The question asks to identify the major highway constructed and improved by Sher Shah Suri, connecting Bengal to the Indus region. This requires knowledge of historical infrastructure projects during the Sur Empire.
Correct Option: C) Grand Trunk Road
Sher Shah Suri is widely credited with the significant improvement and extension of the ancient route that became known as the Grand Trunk Road. This road was crucial for trade, administration, and military movements during his reign, connecting important regions like Bengal and the Indus Valley.
The question asks to identify the standardised silver currency introduced by Sher Shah Suri that served as a foundation for later coins under Mughal and British rule. This requires knowledge of the monetary reforms of Sher Shah Suri and the evolution of currency in India.
Correct Option: D) Rupiya (Rupee)
The question asks to identify the term used for the rest houses (inns) established by Sher Shah Suri along major roads to facilitate trade and travel. This is a direct factual question related to the administrative reforms and infrastructure development during Sher Shah Suri's reign.
A) Sarais — Sher Shah Suri is famously credited with building a vast network of 'sarais' (rest houses or inns) along the major trade routes, including the Grand Trunk Road. These sarais served as vital halting places for travelers, merchants, and government officials, providing shelter, food, and security, thereby boosting trade and communication.
The question asks to identify the father of Akbar, who ascended the Mughal throne in 1556. This requires knowledge of the lineage of the early Mughal emperors in India.
Therefore, Akbar's father was Humayun.
Correct Option: B) Humayun. He was the second Mughal emperor and the father of Akbar. Akbar succeeded him in 1556.The question asks to identify the Hindu general against whom the Second Battle of Panipat (1556) was fought, which was crucial for consolidating Akbar's early rule. We need to recall the key figures involved in this historical battle.
Correct Option: D) Hemu (Hemchandra Vikramaditya) was the Hindu general and king who fought against Akbar's forces in the Second Battle of Panipat in 1556. His defeat was a pivotal moment in the establishment of the Mughal Empire in India.