The speed of sound in a medium depends on the properties of that medium, specifically its elasticity and density. For gases like air, temperature significantly affects these properties, and thus the speed of sound. We will examine the relationship between the speed of sound and temperature.
A) It increases — As derived from the formula \(v \propto \sqrt{T}\) and explained by the increased kinetic energy of air molecules at higher temperatures, the speed of sound in air increases with an increase in temperature.
The question asks for the term describing a sound wave with a frequency below the range of human hearing. This requires knowledge of the audible frequency range for humans and the classifications of sound waves based on their frequency.
B) Infrasound — This is the correct term for sound waves with frequencies lower than the human audible limit (typically below \(20 \text{ Hz}\)).
The question asks to identify the property of sound that determines its pitch. We need to understand what pitch is and how it relates to the various physical properties of a sound wave.
Correct Option: B) Frequency — Pitch is directly determined by the frequency of the sound wave. A higher frequency corresponds to a higher pitch, and a lower frequency corresponds to a lower pitch.
The question asks about the nature of compressions and rarefactions in sound waves. We need to recall the fundamental properties of sound waves, specifically how they propagate through a medium.
A) Regions of high and low pressure, respectively — This accurately describes compressions as regions of high pressure and rarefactions as regions of low pressure, which is a fundamental characteristic of sound wave propagation.
This question tests the understanding of the relationship between the physical properties of a sound wave (frequency) and its perceived characteristic (pitch). Pitch is directly related to frequency.
Correct Option: B) High
A high-frequency sound wave is perceived as having a high pitch. This is a fundamental concept in acoustics and wave physics.
The question asks for the typical range of human hearing in Hertz (Hz). This is a fundamental concept in physics and biology related to sound perception. We need to recall the generally accepted frequency limits for human audibility.
Correct Option: D) 20 to 20,000
This option correctly states the typical frequency range of human hearing, from the lowest audible frequency (20 Hz) to the highest audible frequency (20,000 Hz or 20 kHz).