The question asks for the founding year of the Indian National Congress (INC). This is a direct factual question related to modern Indian history. Recall the key events and their timelines in the nationalist movement.
Correct Option: D) 1885
The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded on December 28, 1885, at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay. Its primary objective initially was to provide a platform for civic and political dialogue among educated Indians and to present their demands to the British government.
The question asks for the venue of the first session of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1885. This is a factual question related to the history of the Indian freedom struggle. Recalling the foundational details of the INC will lead to the correct answer.
Correct Option: C) The first session of the Indian National Congress in 1885 was held in Bombay.
The question asks to identify the first President of the Indian National Congress (INC). This requires knowledge of the INC's foundational history and its early leaders.
Correct Option: D) W.C. Bonnerji was the first President of the Indian National Congress, presiding over its inaugural session in 1885.
The question asks to identify the retired British civil servant who was instrumental in the formation of the Indian National Congress (INC). This requires knowledge of the historical figures associated with the INC's origins.
The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885. A.O. Hume, a retired British Indian Civil Service officer, played a crucial role in its formation. He envisioned a platform where educated Indians could discuss political, social, and economic issues, and he helped organize the first session of the INC in Bombay.
Correct Option: C) A.O. Hume was a retired British civil servant who took the initiative to bring together prominent Indian leaders and played a pivotal role in the establishment of the Indian National Congress in 1885. He is often considered the "Father of the Indian National Congress."
The question asks about the year in which the Arms Act, prohibiting Indians from possessing arms, was passed. This is a direct historical fact question related to British colonial policies in India. To answer this, one needs to recall the specific legislative acts passed by the British administration and their respective years.
Correct Option: D) 1878. The Arms Act, disallowing Indians from possessing arms without a license, was passed in 1878 during the Viceroyalty of Lord Lytton. This act was discriminatory as it did not apply to Europeans or Anglo-Indians.
The question asks to identify the Viceroy under whom the Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was enacted. This requires knowledge of key historical events and the Viceroys associated with them during British India.
D) Lord Lytton
Lord Lytton (1876-1880) was the Viceroy of India who enacted the Vernacular Press Act in 1878. This act allowed the government to confiscate the printing press and property of any vernacular newspaper that published "seditious" material, without prior judicial process. It was a highly controversial measure aimed at suppressing dissent.