Biological Classification CDS Questions

CDS Biology

Biological Classification MCQ Questions


13.
A widely noted limitation of the five-kingdom classification system proposed by Whittaker is that it does not adequately accommodate:
A.
Acellular entities such as viruses and viroids, and symbiotic associations such as lichens
B.
Multicellular animals, which could not be properly grouped at all
C.
Flowering plants, which were left without any defined kingdom
D.
Bacteria and cyanobacteria, which were entirely left unclassified
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ANSWER :
A. Acellular entities such as viruses and viroids, and symbiotic associations such as lichens
14.
Which scientist later proposed a three-domain system of classification (Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya), based primarily on differences in ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequences, refining the older five-kingdom scheme?
A.
R.H. Whittaker
B.
Robert Hooke
C.
Carl Woese
D.
Carolus Linnaeus
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ANSWER :
C. Carl Woese
15.
Lichens, which represent a symbiotic association between an alga and a fungus, are generally treated, within the framework of the five-kingdom classification, as:
A.
Belonging entirely to kingdom Plantae, since the algal partner is photosynthetic
B.
A unique symbiotic association studied separately, rather than being assigned wholly to a single kingdom
C.
Belonging entirely to kingdom Protista, since both partners are relatively simple organisms
D.
Belonging entirely to kingdom Fungi, since the fungal partner provides the main physical structure
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ANSWER :
B. A unique symbiotic association studied separately, rather than being assigned wholly to a single kingdom
16.
Which of the following is NOT generally regarded as one of Whittaker's bases for the five-kingdom classification of living organisms?
A.
The structural organisation of the cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic)
B.
The body organisation (unicellular or multicellular)
C.
The mode and source of nutrition
D.
The particular geographical location where an organism happens to be found
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ANSWER :
D. The particular geographical location where an organism happens to be found
17.
A fundamental criterion used to distinguish kingdom Monera from the other four kingdoms is the:
A.
Presence of multicellularity in all of its members
B.
Absence of a true, membrane-bound nucleus (i.e., its prokaryotic cellular organisation)
C.
Complete absence of any kind of genetic material
D.
Presence of chlorophyll in all of its members
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ANSWER :
B. Absence of a true, membrane-bound nucleus (i.e., its prokaryotic cellular organisation)
18.
'Mode of nutrition' as a basis for classification primarily distinguishes organisms according to whether they are:
A.
Comparatively large or small in their overall body size
B.
Aquatic or terrestrial in their natural habitat
C.
Autotrophic (self-nourishing, e.g., through photosynthesis) or heterotrophic (depending on other organisms for food)
D.
Motile or non-motile in their pattern of movement
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ANSWER :
C. Autotrophic (self-nourishing, e.g., through photosynthesis) or heterotrophic (depending on other organisms for food)