Evolution and Ecological Biodiversity CDS Questions

Evolution and Ecological Biodiversity MCQ Questions

1.
Who proposed the theory of 'Inheritance of Acquired Characters', stating that organs used frequently become stronger while disused organs degenerate, and such changes are passed to offspring?
A.
Alfred Russel Wallace
B.
Hugo de Vries
C.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
D.
Charles Darwin
ANSWER :
C. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
2.
Charles Darwin's landmark book 'On the Origin of Species', which presented the theory of evolution through natural selection, was published in which year?
A.
1859
B.
1953
C.
1809
D.
1900
ANSWER :
A. 1859
3.
Darwin's theory of natural selection is popularly summarised by the phrase coined by Herbert Spencer as:
A.
Inheritance of acquired characters
B.
Survival of the fittest
C.
Spontaneous generation
D.
Use and disuse of organs
ANSWER :
B. Survival of the fittest
4.
Who independently arrived at a theory of evolution through natural selection similar to Darwin's, leading to a joint presentation of their ideas before the Linnean Society of London in 1858?
A.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
B.
Gregor Mendel
C.
Hugo de Vries
D.
Alfred Russel Wallace
ANSWER :
D. Alfred Russel Wallace
5.
Charles Darwin served as a naturalist on a famous voyage during which he made key observations (including on the Galapagos Islands) that led to his theory of evolution. The ship was named:
A.
Santa Maria
B.
Mayflower
C.
HMS Beagle
D.
HMS Victory
ANSWER :
C. HMS Beagle
6.
The Mutation Theory of evolution, which proposed that evolution proceeds through sudden, large, discontinuous variations rather than gradual change, was put forward by:
A.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
B.
Hugo de Vries
C.
T. H. Morgan
D.
Charles Darwin
ANSWER :
B. Hugo de Vries