The question asks for the alternative name of the Indra Sawhney v. Union of India case (1992). This case is a landmark judgment in Indian constitutional law, particularly regarding reservations for backward classes. Identifying its popular name requires knowledge of significant legal cases and their common references.
A) The Mandal Commission case. This is the correct answer because the Indra Sawhney v. Union of India case primarily dealt with the constitutional validity and implementation of the recommendations made by the Mandal Commission for reservations to Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
The question asks about the number of judges on the Supreme Court bench that decided the landmark Indra Sawhney case. This requires knowledge of significant constitutional cases and the composition of benches that hear them.
Correct Option: B) Nine judges
The Indra Sawhney case was indeed decided by a nine-judge bench of the Supreme Court, which is one of the largest benches ever constituted by the Indian judiciary to hear a case.
The question asks for the specific date on which the Supreme Court delivered its verdict in the landmark Indra Sawhney case. This requires knowledge of significant dates in Indian constitutional history, particularly concerning reservations.
A) 16 November 1992 is the correct date when the Supreme Court pronounced its judgment in the Indra Sawhney case, which is a landmark decision on reservation policy in India.
The question asks about the specific government action that led to the Indra Sawhney case. This requires knowledge of the historical context surrounding reservation policies in India, particularly the events of 1990 and the subsequent legal challenges.
The V.P. Singh government, in August 1990, issued an Office Memorandum (OM) implementing the recommendations of the Mandal Commission. This OM provided for 27% reservation for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBCs), commonly known as OBCs, in civil posts and services under the Government of India. This decision sparked widespread protests and was challenged in the Supreme Court, leading to the landmark Indra Sawhney & Others vs. Union of India case (1992).
Correct Option: C) An Office Memorandum providing 27 percent reservation in central government jobs for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (OBCs)
The question asks about the origin of the recommendations that led to the 1990 Office Memorandum and subsequently the Indra Sawhney case. This involves identifying the specific commission whose report formed the basis for implementing reservations for Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
Correct Option: C) The Second Backward Classes Commission (the Mandal Commission) is the correct answer because its report, submitted in 1980, recommended 27% reservation for OBCs, which was eventually implemented by the 1990 Office Memorandum and subsequently challenged in the Indra Sawhney case.
The question asks about the constitutional article under which the Mandal Commission was appointed. This requires knowledge of the Indian Constitution, specifically provisions related to backward classes and commissions.
Correct Option: D) Article 340 (appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes)