The question asks to identify the French scientist after whom the SI unit of pressure, the Pascal, is named. This is a direct knowledge-based question related to the history of science and units of measurement.
D) Blaise Pascal — The SI unit of pressure, the Pascal, is indeed named in honour of Blaise Pascal for his fundamental contributions to hydrostatics and the study of pressure.
The question asks to identify which device's working principle is based on Pascal's Law. Pascal's Law describes how pressure is transmitted in an enclosed fluid. We need to recall the fundamental principles behind each given option.
C) Hydraulic machines are devices that operate on the principle of Pascal's Law. Examples include hydraulic presses, hydraulic jacks, and hydraulic brakes, all of which use the transmission of pressure through an incompressible fluid to multiply force.
The question asks to identify the law that describes the relationship between electric current, voltage, and resistance, given by the formula \(V = IR\). We need to recall the fundamental laws of electricity.
Correct Option: B) Ohm's Law
Ohm's Law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points. Mathematically, it is expressed as \(V = IR\), where \(V\) is the voltage, \(I\) is the current, and \(R\) is the resistance. This perfectly matches the description in the question.
The question asks to identify the physicist after whom Ohm's Law is named. This requires knowledge of the history of fundamental laws in electricity and the scientists associated with them.
Correct Option: D) Georg Simon Ohm
The question asks to identify the scientist credited with discovering the laws of electromagnetic induction. This requires knowledge of key historical figures in physics and their major contributions, specifically in the field of electromagnetism.
Correct Option: A) Michael Faraday is credited with the discovery of electromagnetic induction in the 1830s. His work laid the foundation for understanding how electricity and magnetism are related and led to the development of electric generators and transformers.
The question asks to identify which modern invention or technology directly relies on Faraday's discovery of electromagnetic induction. We need to recall what electromagnetic induction is and what devices utilize this principle.
D) Electric generator (dynamo) — The electric generator is a direct application of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. It produces electricity by moving a conductor through a magnetic field, thereby inducing an electric current. This discovery was crucial for the large-scale generation of electricity.