The question asks to identify a non-living thing that requires an external energy source to function. This means we need to look for an object that is not alive but needs fuel or electricity to operate or move.
Correct Option: D) An automobile requires an external energy source (fuel or electricity) to move and perform its function of transportation.
The question asks to identify the green pigment in plants responsible for trapping sunlight during photosynthesis. This requires knowledge of the primary pigments involved in the photosynthetic process.
Correct Option: B) Chlorophyll is the primary green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. It is essential for photosynthesis as it absorbs light energy, particularly in the red and blue parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, and reflects green light, which is why plants appear green. This absorbed light energy is then converted into chemical energy to synthesize sugars.
The question asks to identify the correct statement comparing nutrition in living and non-living things. We need to recall the fundamental characteristics that distinguish living organisms from non-living objects, particularly concerning their energy and material requirements.
Correct Option: A) Living things require nutrients for metabolism; non-living things do not. This statement accurately describes a key difference between living and non-living entities. Living organisms need nutrients to fuel their life processes, while non-living objects do not have such biological requirements.
The question asks to identify the biological process responsible for breaking down food to release energy in living organisms. We need to evaluate each option based on its definition and function.
Correct Option: D) Respiration is the biochemical process in which the cells of an organism obtain energy by combining oxygen and glucose, resulting in the release of carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (energy).
The question asks about the products of anaerobic respiration in yeast. This process is also known as alcoholic fermentation. We need to identify the correct end products among the given options.
D) Ethanol, COâ‚‚ and small amount of ATP
This option accurately lists the main products of anaerobic respiration (alcoholic fermentation) in yeast: ethanol, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of ATP (typically 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule, which is significantly less than the 30-32 ATP produced in aerobic respiration).
The question asks about the primary structures through which plants exchange gases with the atmosphere. We need to identify the specialized microscopic pores responsible for this function.
Correct Option: A) Stomata
Stomata (singular: stoma) are microscopic pores, typically found on the epidermis of leaves, but also on stems and other organs. Each stoma is surrounded by two guard cells, which regulate its opening and closing. This regulation controls the rate of gas exchange (carbon dioxide intake, oxygen release) and transpiration (water vapor release). Therefore, stomata are the primary structures for gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere.