Environmental Chemistry NDA Questions

NDA Chemistry

Environmental Chemistry MCQ Questions


7.
CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) is a very toxic pollutant. It is harmful because:
A.
CO blocks the respiratory pathways by coating the inner walls of lungs
B.
CO reacts with water in the lungs to form carbonic acid, acidifying the blood
C.
CO binds to haemoglobin with an affinity 200–300 times greater than oxygen, forming carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb), which prevents oxygen transport to body tissues, causing asphyxiation
D.
CO is a greenhouse gas that heats the internal body temperature fatally
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ANSWER :
C. CO binds to haemoglobin with an affinity 200–300 times greater than oxygen, forming carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb), which prevents oxygen transport to body tissues, causing asphyxiation
8.
CLASSICAL SMOG (London smog) is different from PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG. Classical smog:
A.
Occurs in cool, humid climates; is REDUCING in nature; consists of smoke, fog and SO₂/H₂SO₄; occurs in early morning when temperature is low
B.
Is caused by photochemical reactions of hydrocarbons and NOₓ in sunlight
C.
Occurs in warm, dry climates; is oxidising in nature; contains ozone and PAN
D.
Contains formaldehyde, acrolein and peroxyacetyl nitrate as major components
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ANSWER :
A. Occurs in cool, humid climates; is REDUCING in nature; consists of smoke, fog and SO₂/H₂SO₄; occurs in early morning when temperature is low
9.
PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG is formed by the photochemical reaction of:
A.
Hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen (NOₓ) in the presence of sunlight — the free radical chain reactions produce ozone, PAN, formaldehyde and acrolein
B.
Carbon dioxide and methane in the presence of UV radiation
C.
Chlorofluorocarbons and nitrogen gas in the presence of visible light
D.
Sulphur dioxide and water vapour in the presence of sunlight
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ANSWER :
A. Hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen (NOₓ) in the presence of sunlight — the free radical chain reactions produce ozone, PAN, formaldehyde and acrolein
10.
The major components of PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG are: (as per NCERT)
A.
Lead compounds, benzene, soot and nitrogen gas
B.
Chlorofluorocarbons, carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour
C.
Sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide and particulate matter
D.
Ozone (O₃), nitric oxide (NO), acrolein (CH₂=CH-CHO), formaldehyde (HCHO) and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN)
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ANSWER :
D. Ozone (O₃), nitric oxide (NO), acrolein (CH₂=CH-CHO), formaldehyde (HCHO) and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN)
11.
PEROXYACETYL NITRATE (PAN) in photochemical smog is particularly harmful because:
A.
PAN destroys the ozone layer by releasing chlorine atoms
B.
PAN is a powerful EYE IRRITANT and lachrymatory agent; it also damages plants by disrupting photosynthesis (causes bronzing/silvering of leaves) and causes respiratory problems
C.
PAN causes global warming by absorbing infrared radiation like CO₂
D.
PAN reacts with ozone to produce acid rain
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ANSWER :
B. PAN is a powerful EYE IRRITANT and lachrymatory agent; it also damages plants by disrupting photosynthesis (causes bronzing/silvering of leaves) and causes respiratory problems
12.
What are the HARMFUL EFFECTS of PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG?
A.
Causes serious health issues: eye irritation (ozone and PAN act as eye irritants); respiratory problems (bronchitis, emphysema); plant damage (premature ageing, reduced photosynthesis); damage to rubber, painted surfaces and metals through cracking
B.
Only damages the ozone layer by releasing CFCs
C.
Only causes lung cancer through direct carcinogenic action
D.
Only causes acid rain by releasing SO₂ into the atmosphere
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ANSWER :
A. Causes serious health issues: eye irritation (ozone and PAN act as eye irritants); respiratory problems (bronchitis, emphysema); plant damage (premature ageing, reduced photosynthesis); damage to rubber, painted surfaces and metals through cracking