The question asks to identify the specific Article in the Constitution of India that establishes a Council of Ministers to assist and advise the President. This requires knowledge of the Articles related to the Union Executive.
B) Article 74 provides for a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President in the exercise of his functions. This Article is fundamental to the parliamentary system of government in India, where the President is the constitutional head and acts on the advice of the elected Council of Ministers.
The question asks about the specific Constitutional Amendment Act that made it mandatory for the President to act on the advice of the Council of Ministers. This is a direct question about a key change in the Indian constitutional framework concerning the powers of the President.
Correct Option: A) 42nd Amendment Act
The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 amended Article 74(1) of the Constitution, explicitly stating that the President "shall act in accordance with such advice." This provision made it binding on the President to accept the advice of the Council of Ministers. This was a significant step towards reinforcing the parliamentary nature of the Indian political system.
The question asks to identify the correct statements regarding the Council of Ministers and the Prime Minister's role in the Indian political system. We need to evaluate each statement based on the provisions of the Indian Constitution.
B) 2 and 3 only
Based on the analysis:
Therefore, statements 2 and 3 are correct.
The question asks about the maximum permissible strength of the Council of Ministers in India. This is a constitutional provision that was introduced to limit the size of the government and ensure efficiency. We need to recall the specific amendment and the percentage it stipulated.
C) 15% of the Lok Sabha strength — This is the correct constitutional limit as per the 91st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003, for the maximum number of ministers in the Union Council of Ministers.
The question asks us to identify the correct statements regarding the Council of Ministers and the Prime Minister in the Indian political system. We need to evaluate each statement based on the provisions of the Indian Constitution.
Correct Option: B) 2 and 3 only
The question asks to identify the principles institutionally implied in the parliamentary government in India. We need to evaluate each statement based on the characteristics of the Indian parliamentary system.
A) 1 and 2 only. Statements 1 and 2 correctly describe institutional implications of the parliamentary government in India. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Cabinet is headed by the Head of Government (Prime Minister), not the Head of State (President).