The question asks about Fundamental Rights that cannot be suspended during a National Emergency in India. This is a direct question from Indian Polity, specifically concerning the emergency provisions and their impact on Fundamental Rights.
Correct Option: C) Article 20 and 21 — The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 specifically states that the rights guaranteed by Article 20 (protection in respect of conviction for offences) and Article 21 (protection of life and personal liberty) cannot be suspended even during a National Emergency.
The question asks about the type of majority required in the Indian Parliament to approve a National Emergency. This is a specific constitutional provision related to emergency powers.
Correct Option: C) Special majority
A special majority is explicitly required by the Indian Constitution for the approval of a proclamation of National Emergency. This ensures that such a grave measure has widespread support in Parliament.
This question tests the fundamental understanding of the concept of 'Rights' in a democratic and constitutional framework, particularly in the context of the relationship between citizens and the State. It requires knowledge of what rights entail and against whom they are primarily asserted.
Correct Option: C) Rights are claims of the citizens against the State.
The question asks about the constitutional amendment that mandated the President to act on the written advice of the cabinet for declaring a National Emergency. This is a direct question related to significant constitutional amendments in India, particularly those concerning emergency provisions.
Correct Option: B) 44th Amendment
The question asks about the fate of laws made by Parliament on subjects in the State List during a National Emergency, once the emergency ceases. This falls under the provisions related to the legislative powers during an emergency as outlined in the Indian Constitution.
Correct Option: C) They cease after 6 months
This option correctly reflects the constitutional provision (Article 250(2)) regarding the temporary nature and automatic cessation of laws made by Parliament on State List subjects during a National Emergency, once the emergency is over.
The question asks about the specific condition under which the President can issue ordinances on subjects listed in the State List during a National Emergency. This power is derived from Article 123 of the Indian Constitution, which deals with the President's ordinance-making power.
C) Parliament is not in session — The President's power to issue ordinances, including on State List subjects during a National Emergency, is contingent upon Parliament (or either House) not being in session. This is the fundamental condition for promulgating any ordinance under Article 123.