The question asks about the applicability of Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution. To answer this, we need to recall the constitutional provisions regarding Fundamental Duties and to whom they are addressed.
Correct Option: B) Citizens only
Fundamental Duties, as laid down in Article 51-A of the Indian Constitution, are explicitly stated to be the duties of "every citizen of India." This makes them applicable exclusively to citizens and not to all persons, foreigners, or a specific age group.
The question asks to identify the Fundamental Duties of citizens as laid down in the Indian Constitution. To answer this, we need to recall the specific duties listed in Article 51A of the Constitution.
Correct Option: C) 1, 3 and 4 only
The question asks about the enforceability of Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution. To answer this, we need to understand the nature of Fundamental Duties as enshrined in Part IV-A of the Constitution.
Correct Option: B) Enforceable by Parliament through legislation
Fundamental Duties are not directly enforceable by courts. However, Parliament has the power to enact laws to ensure their implementation. For example, laws like the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971, enforce some aspects of Fundamental Duties.
The question asks about the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee regarding Fundamental Duties. We need to identify which of the given options was NOT a recommendation made by this committee.
C) List of ten fundamental duties — The Swaran Singh Committee recommended only eight fundamental duties. The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, incorporated ten fundamental duties, with two additional duties added by the government beyond the committee's original recommendations. Therefore, the committee itself did not recommend a list of ten duties.
The question asks to identify the Prime Minister of India during the period when Fundamental Duties were added to the Indian Constitution. This requires knowledge of the constitutional amendments and the political leadership at that time.
Correct Option: C) Indira Gandhi
The question asks about the original status of Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution. This requires knowledge of the historical development and amendments to the Constitution.
Correct Option: C) Not included initially
Fundamental Duties were not present in the original Indian Constitution when it was framed and adopted. They were added later by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976.