The question asks about the primary oppressors of peasants in Awadh during the Non-Cooperation Movement, specifically regarding high rents. To answer this, we need to recall the socio-economic structure and the nature of peasant grievances in that region during that period.
Correct Option: B) Talukdars and landlords. Peasants in Awadh primarily protested against the high rents and other exploitative practices imposed by local talukdars and landlords, who were the direct recipients of these payments and held significant power over the agricultural laborers.
The question asks to identify the characteristic of the tribal movement in the Gudem Hills led by Alluri Sitarama Raju during the Non-Cooperation Movement, specifically contrasting it with Gandhi's preferred methods. This requires knowledge of the nature of this particular tribal uprising.
Correct Option: D) Armed resistance against restrictions on their traditional forest rights — This accurately describes the militant nature of the Gudem Hills movement under Alluri Sitarama Raju, which was a direct response to the British colonial government's forest laws that curtailed the tribal people's traditional rights and livelihoods. This approach was distinct from Gandhi's non-violent methods.
The question asks how plantation workers in Assam interpreted Gandhian 'Swaraj' during the Non-Cooperation Movement. This requires understanding the specific actions taken by these workers in response to the call for Swaraj and the historical context of their working conditions.
Correct Option: A) Defying the Inland Emigration Act and leaving the plantations to return to their home villages
The question asks about the primary motivation for India's business classes to participate in the nationalist movement, according to NCERT. We need to identify the option that best reflects their economic interests and aspirations in the context of colonial rule and the rise of nationalism.
Correct Option: C) Expand their own business interests through Swadeshi promotion and freedom from colonial trade restrictions
The question asks about the nature of industrial working-class participation in the nationalist movement, specifically during strikes in the 1920s. To answer this, we need to understand the motivations behind workers' involvement in such movements during that period in India.
D) Wages and working conditions, alongside broader nationalist sentiment. This option correctly identifies that industrial workers' participation in strikes during the nationalist movement was driven by a combination of their immediate economic grievances (such as low wages and poor working conditions) and the broader anti-colonial sentiment. These two aspects were often intertwined, with nationalist leaders sometimes supporting workers' demands and workers seeing their struggle as part of the larger fight for independence.
The question asks about the nature of women's participation in the Indian nationalist movement, specifically during the Salt March and Civil Disobedience Movement, as per NCERT texts. We need to identify the statement that accurately reflects this historical fact.
Correct Option: B) Came out to picket shops selling foreign cloth and liquor, and participated in protests
This option accurately describes the significant and visible role women played during the Civil Disobedience Movement. Inspired by Gandhi, thousands of women, often from respectable households, defied traditional norms to participate in public protests, including picketing foreign cloth and liquor shops, which were key targets of the movement. This marked a crucial shift in their involvement in the nationalist struggle.