The question asks about the primary aspects of diversity that national integration seeks to overcome to foster unity. We need to identify the most comprehensive set of differences that are typically addressed by national integration efforts.
D) Religion, language, region, caste and culture — These are the core elements of diversity that often lead to divisions within a nation. National integration is fundamentally about fostering a sense of shared identity and belonging among people who may differ significantly in these aspects. In a country like India, these differences are particularly prominent and require continuous efforts for integration.
The question asks for a phrase that encapsulates India's approach to national integration despite its vast social and cultural diversity. This requires identifying a common idiom or concept associated with India's unique characteristic of maintaining unity amidst differences.
C) 'Unity in Diversity' — This phrase is a cornerstone of India's national identity and political philosophy. It signifies that despite the multitude of languages, religions, castes, and cultures, there is a fundamental oneness that binds the nation together. It promotes mutual respect and coexistence among diverse groups, which is crucial for national integration.
The question asks to identify the Article of the Indian Constitution that declares India as a 'Union of States'. This is a direct factual question related to the fundamental structure of the Indian polity as laid down in the Constitution.
Correct Option: B) Article 1 of the Indian Constitution explicitly states that "India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States." This article defines the name and territory of the Union.
The question asks about the impact of India's system of single citizenship, uniformly applicable across all states. We need to identify which outcome this system promotes among the given options.
A) National integration - India's single citizenship system is a constitutional feature designed to foster a sense of unity and common identity among its diverse population. By granting uniform rights and duties to all citizens across the country, it discourages regional loyalties and promotes the idea of one nation, thereby strengthening national integration.
The question asks about the primary benefit of India's unified judicial system. We need to evaluate how a single, integrated judiciary, as opposed to separate central and state judiciaries, impacts various aspects of governance and national character.
Correct Option: D) National integration. The unified judicial system ensures uniformity in the interpretation and application of laws across the country, fostering a sense of common citizenship and strengthening the unity and integrity of India.
The question asks why All India Services (AIS) like IAS and IPS promote national integration. We need to identify the characteristic of AIS officers that fosters a unified national outlook rather than regional or state-specific loyalties.
Correct Option: D) Serve across different states, fostering an all-India outlook
This option accurately describes the mechanism through which AIS officers contribute to national integration. Officers are recruited centrally but allotted to various state cadres, often outside their home state. This ensures they gain diverse experience and maintain a national perspective, preventing narrow regional loyalties from dominating their administrative decisions.