The question asks to identify the mineral essential for strong bones and teeth, which is found abundantly in milk. This is a direct knowledge-based question related to nutrition and human biology.
A) Calcium — Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is vital for the development and maintenance of strong bones and teeth. About 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the bones and teeth. Milk and dairy products are excellent sources of dietary calcium.
The question asks to identify the mineral that is a crucial component of haemoglobin and is necessary for oxygen transport in the blood. We need to recall the composition of haemoglobin and the function of various minerals in the human body.
Correct Option: B) Iron is an essential component of haemoglobin, which is required for the transport of oxygen in the blood. The iron atom in the heme group of haemoglobin binds to oxygen molecules.
The question asks to identify the mineral essential for the thyroid gland to synthesize thyroxine, a deficiency of which leads to goitre. This is a direct knowledge-based question related to human physiology and nutrition.
Correct Option: B) Iodine is the essential mineral required by the thyroid gland for the synthesis of thyroxine. Its deficiency directly causes goitre.
The question asks to identify the condition caused by iron deficiency, characterized by fatigue and pale skin due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. We need to evaluate each option based on its known cause and symptoms.
Correct Option: C) Anaemia — Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A deficiency of iron leads to iron-deficiency anaemia, where the blood has a reduced capacity to carry oxygen. This results in symptoms like fatigue (due to insufficient oxygen reaching tissues) and pale skin (due to fewer red blood cells or less hemoglobin).
The question asks to identify the food sources rich in Vitamin A, which is crucial for good vision, especially in dim light. We need to evaluate each option based on common knowledge about vitamin content in different food groups.
Correct Option: D) Carrots are an excellent source of beta-carotene, a precursor to Vitamin A. Dairy products such as milk, especially whole milk, contain preformed Vitamin A (retinol) and are often fortified with it, making them significant sources of this essential vitamin. Both contribute to maintaining good vision.
The question asks about the primary condition resulting from a deficiency of Vitamin A. This requires knowledge of common vitamin deficiency diseases.
Correct Option: D) Night blindness is directly caused by a deficiency of Vitamin A. This is one of the earliest and most common symptoms of Vitamin A deficiency.